殺菌剤の散布回数半減をめざしたナシ病害防除体系の検討

DOI 日本農学文献記事索引 Web Site 被引用文献8件 参考文献17件

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  • A supervised disease management system for Japanese pear to reduce fungicide applications.
  • サッキンザイ ノ サンプ カイスウ ハンゲン オ メザシタ ナシ ビョウガイ ボウジョ タイケイ ノ ケントウ

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A supervised disease management system that halves the number of fungicide applications on Japanese pear was investigated from 1993 to 2001 in experimental and commercial orchards of Chiba Prefecture. The concept for the strategies was based on integrated pest management (IPM). Sterol demethylation inhibitors (DMIs), strobilurins, iminoctadine arbesilate and others were highly effective and had long-lasting activity against pear diseases. The former two fungicides, at high risk for fungicide resistance, were mixed with other fungicides that had different mode of actions. The fungicides were sprayed on a day just before rainfall, and no further application was made as long as a residual effect of the sprayed fungicide was expected. To reduce the source of primary infection, infected, fallen pear leaves were cleared from the ground in winter, and diseased clusters were removed from shoots in early spring. The effectiveness of the system proved to be practical to control major diseases, including scab on leaves and fruit caused by Venturia nashicola and fruit ring rot caused by Botryosphaeria berengeriana. In the commercial pear orchards in this sturdy, fungicides were applied only seven times spring, up to fruit harvest for ‘Kousui’, half of the fifteen officially recommended sprays in Chiba Prefecture in 1993.

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