不妊女性の心理に関する研究 : 体外受精・胚移植を受ける女性の不安と対処行動について  [in Japanese] Research on the psychology of infertile women : Anxiety and coping in women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer treatment  [in Japanese]

[目的]体外受精, 胚移植を受ける女性の治療各期における不安状態と, 胚移植後から治療結果を待つ間の対処行動について知る。[方法]東北大学病院婦人科にて体外受精, 胚移植を受ける女性を対象に, 質問紙調査および肥田野の新版STAI, ラザルス式ストレスコーピングインベントリー(SCI)を用いて縦断調査を行った。[結果]治療各期の状態不安は治療開始前より採卵前, 胚移植前共に上昇し, 妊娠反応検査前で最も高い状態不安を示した。特性不安高群と低群の治療開始前(平常事態)の状態不安に, 有意差(p<.004)が認められ, 特性不安高群は治療開始後も高い状態不安を示した。特性不安高群の対処志向は問題解決型対処志向の者が多く, 対処型は計画型[Pla]を利用する特性傾向が強く認められた。[結論]治療開始前にSTAIを実施することは, 治療開始後に生じる個々の不安状態を予期する手段として有効である。最も心理的な支援が必要となる時期は妊娠反応検査前である。SCIからストレスに適切な対処ができていないと思われる状況が認められた。

Obiective : An in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer treatment is one method of treating infertility, but its rate of success is low. Therefore, psychological support is needed for women who face the disappointment and the deep sorrow which were caused by failure of treatment. The purpose of this study is to investigate fundamental attribution anxious condition, and coping of women who have in vitro ertilization-embryo transfer treatments. Methods : Fundamental questions were investigated by questionnaires. Anxiety at each stage of treatment was investigated by STAI of Hitana. Coping from embryo transfer to pregnancy reaction test was investigated by SCI. 21 women who have had in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer treatments at Tohoku University Hospital Department of Gynecology joined this study as subjects. Results and discussion : The anxiety before the pregnancy reaction test was the highest in each stages of treatment, independently of the level of trait anxiety. The subjects whose level of trait anxiety was high specifically used problem solving strategy more than the subjects whose level of trait anxiety was low. The subjects whose level of trait anxiety was high used planful problem solving coping much better than the subjects whose level of trait anxiety was low. It is very useful to administer STAI to women undergoing in vitro ertilization-embryo transfer and to know the need for psychological support.