実験的外傷性脊髄空洞症モデルの作製と空洞症形成機序に関する組織学的検討

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  • Establishment of Experimental Rat Model of Syringomyelia with Spinal Cord Injury and Histological Evaluation for Mechanism of Syrinx Formation

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Syringomyelia is classified into two subtypes on the basis of its cavitary patterns; central canal dilation type and arenchymal cavity type without central canal dilation. Chiari malformation, hydrocephalus, adhesive arachnoiditis, fauma or intramedullary tumors are considered to be the common etiology of syringomyelia. However, the mechanisms of syrinx formation remain unclear. We performed morphological and histological studies of the parenchymal cavity type syrinx brought on by a crush injury in experimental rat models in order to elucidate the mechanism of posttraumatic syrinx formation. The spinal cords of Wister rats were injured by epidural pinching with an aneurysm clip at the middle thoracic level. Rats were killed 12 hours - 16 weeks later. The spine and spinal cord were removed en bloc and sectioned transversely after fixation with Folmaldehyde. The transverse sections were treated with Hematoxylin-eosin stain and histological findings were observed timewise. The rate of syrinx fomation in these models after more than 2 weeks was very high (12/14). The histological findings were transverse damage at the injury level (1-2 segments), cavity formation in the posterior funiculus both rostrally and caudally (total 5-9 segments), local bleedings in the posterior funiculus in the early stage from 1 to 10 days, and gliosis and reactive astrocytes and macrophages around the cavity in the late stage after 12 weeks. Syrinxes of this injury model were formed even on day 14 and had a tendency to be clear in margin and large in size timewise. They were considered to have originated from necrotic microcystic cavitation in the spinal cord parenchyma due to the primary injury and to have formed into large syrinxes in the degenerated fragile posterior funiculus because of the injury and the associated changes of the spinal cord. Cavitation of this experimetal model is likely the early pathological change of traumatic syringomyelia. This cavitation seems to derive from parenchymal degeneration which is resistant to treatment including surgery.

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  • 脊髄外科

    脊髄外科 14 (1), 1-10, 2000

    日本脊髄外科学会

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