軟性裏装材のレオロジカルな性質と咀嚼能力に及ぼす影響

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  • Effects of Soft Lining Materials on Masticatory Performance

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Many denture wearers, especially full denture wearers who have atrophy of mucous membrane or sharp spicules, complain of pain in mucous membrane. For these patients the denture is usually lined with soft lining material to reduce the pain and increase the masticatory performance. At present many brands of such materials are on the market. Although they seem to be different from each other in physical and mechanical properties, there are no fundamental criteria for choosing a material and making a good use of it for increasing the masticatory performance. In the present study, therefore, characteristics of the materials were examined through static creep tests for eleven commercial soft lining materials, and the masticatory performance of duplicate dentures were clinically evaluated for three typical materials out of eleven. According to the creep properties the materials tested were classified into two types. They are : (1) Type A-The deformation stops in a very short time, as short as 10 sec ; silicone group (Neosnugger, Simpa and Mollosil) and fluoropolymer group (Kurepate) are of this type. (2) Type B-The deformation occurs rapidly for about first 30 sec and then it increases at a slow but steady rate ; the materials of this type are acrylic group (Coesuper soft, Tru-soft, Ardee, Visco-gel, Soft-liner and Coe-soft) and vinyl polymer group (Vina-soft). The Type A materials showed smaller delayed elastic deformation, and the Type B larger. The instantaneous elastic deformation did not change for any of the Type A materials after the specimen was aged for one week, and little changed for Softliner (acrylic group) and Vina-soft (vinyl polymer group) of Type B. Deformation decreased by aging for Coe-super soft, Tru-soft, Visco-gel and Coe-soft (acrylic group), while it increased only for Ardee (acrylic group). In the mastication tests, it was confirmed that all the three soft lining materials employed were significantly effective for improving the masticatory performance in the patients having pain in mucous membrane. The masticatory performance appeared to be maximum when the denture was lined with any material in thickness of about 2 mm. If the lining was thicker than 2 mm, the masticatory performance was apt to be decreased. Although the thinner lining also decreased the masticatory performance, it was found that the material showing larger elastic deformation such as Visco-gel was more effective than others when the lining was as thin as 1 mm. In the case where it is difficult to secure sufficient thickness of the lining, therefore, it may be desirable to choose a material bearing larger elastic deformation. Thus, the soft lining materials may be used under various circumstances, and it is important to make a proper choice and use of the material after due consideration of the characteristics of the materials as well as the aspects of the patient such as the condition of the mucous membrane and the thickness of the denture.

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