Streptococcus mutans の菌体外多糖抗原上に存在する菌種特異的抗原決定基に対する単クローン抗体

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  • Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for a Polysaccharide Antigenic Determinant of Streptococcus mutans

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Streptococcus mutans is known to be a most common etiological agent of dental caries in human and animals. In the present study, several monoclonal antibodies against the S. mutans-species specific antigenic determinant on the extracellular polysaccharide antigen were prepared and characterized as probes for the investigation of the infection and caries-generating mechanism by the bacterium. Five monoclonal antibodies specific for S. mutans among mutans group streptococci were obtained. Four out of them were reactive with the extracellular polysaccharide antigens from any serotypes of S. mutans. Three out of four were IgM classes and one out of four was IgD class. Light chains of all antibodies were κ chain. Competitive enzyme immunoassay using various haptenic sugars as inhibitors revealed that these four monoclonal antibodies recognized the determinant containing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue. Judging from the reactivities of these monoclonal antibodies with various oral streptococci and inhibition spectra of haptenic sugars in competitive enzyme immunoassay, three IgM monoclonal antibodies were the same clonal and all four monoclonal antibodies recognize the same determinant. Moreover, quantitative competitive enzyme immunoassay suggested that structure of the determinant in polysaccharide antigens of serotypes c and e were almost the same but slightly different from that of serotype f. Since this determinant specific for S. mutans species may contribute to the interaction between the bacterium and surface of dents, further studies on the nature of this determinant are necessary. Monoclonal antibodies obtained in the present study should be useful not only for such study but also for the immunological identification of S. mutans among oral bacteria as probes.

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