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Abstract
付加体中に頻繁に含有される層状チャートの化学組成や同位体比は, チャートが堆積した場の環境や続成過程, また過去の大陸表面の化学組成や付加後のテクトニックなイベントを反映している.本論では層状チャートの化学組成や同位体比の解析例を示し, その問題点や将来性について議論した.REEやいくつかの主成分元素組成は, 層状チャートの珪質部と泥質部が濃度の差こそあれ同起源物質を含有していることを示しており, 珪質部は泥質部がSiO_2で希釈された部分とみなされる.さらに珪質部は, Sr同位体比による解析の結果, より初生的な情報を保持し易いことが示唆された.特に堆積場の酸化・還元状態は, 珪質部における一部の元素組成やS同位体比を用いることで解析可能であり, その一例としてFe^<2+>, Fe^<3+>の量比, AlやTi濃度で規格したMn, U, V比やS含有量をあげた.このような付加体堆積岩の環境解析において欠けてならない点は, 地球科学的な制約条件との整合性であり, 地球化学だけでなく他分野との総合的な議論が必要である.
We discuss the progress and future problems of geochemical studies on bedded chert sequences from accretionary complexes in Japan. Bedded cherts contain geochemical information about oceans and surfaces of upper continental crust in the past because they are a physical mixture of continental detritus (also rarely volcanic rocks), biogenic opal and hydrogenous materials such as Fe-Mn oxides.To reveal the sedimentary environments of bedded cherts, the REE patterns and abundance ratios of some elements have commonly been used. However, the REE patterns of marine sediments are complicated in origin, especially for the Ce anomalies. Indicators for oxic and anoxic environments are introduced, such as the Fe^<2+> and Fe^<3+> contents, V/Al, U/Al, Mn/Al (Ti) ratios, S abundance and also S isotopic ratios. V/Al_2O_3,U/Al_2O_3 and S are extremely high and show different trends in anoxic environments than they do in ordinary sea floor environments. On the contrary, MnO/TiO_2 ratios are extremely low in anoxic environments and much higher in oxic sediments after anoxic ones.Geochemical information about the surfaces of past continents is also seen in bedded cherts from Rb/K ratio and Eu anomaly, but it is difficult to evaluate other suitable elements for the examination of past continents.
Journal
- The memoirs of the Geological Society of Japan [List of Volumes]
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The memoirs of the Geological Society of Japan (55), 43-59, 2000-01-28 [Table of Contents]
The Geological Society of Japan