冷却するマグマ直上に発達するマグマ性高温地熱系 : 九重火山におけるケーススタディー  [in Japanese] Magmatic hydrothermal system developping just above a cooling magma : A case study of Kuju volcano, central Kyushu, Japan  [in Japanese]

Abstract

九州中部地域の別府-島原地溝内にある九重火山は島弧の典型的な安山岩質火山の1つである。この九重火山の周辺には100〜250 mW/m^2の高熱流量地域が存在している。この高熱流量は地表下4 km以深に存在する冷却中のマグマの効果として説明される。この冷却しつつあるマグマ (大部分は固化しているが, 中心部は溶融状態と推定される) の直上には, このマグマから分離上昇したマグマ性流体と地表から浸透した天水とが混合して気液2相の地熱流体上昇ゾーンが形成され, 最終的には, 高温噴気地域である九重硫黄山の地表において噴気・温泉を噴出する活動的な噴気地域となっている。これはマグマ性流体が主要な熱源および水の起源となっている典型的なマグマ性高温地熱系と考えられる。

Kuju volcano is situated in the Beppu-Shimabara volcanic graben in central Kyushu, Japan. It is one of the typidal andesitic island arc volcano. The volcanic activity started about 0.3 Ma and in historic times, only phreatic explosions were recorded several times. An active solfatara field called Kuju-Iwoyama in an explosive crater shows the most intense geothermal activity in central Kyushu. The natural heat discharge is estimated at about 100 MW, most of it from steaming ground and fumaroles. Temperatures of fumaroles generally exceed 200℃ and the maximum observed temperature was 508℃ (Mizutani et al., 1986). The high heat flows ranging from 100 mW/m^2 to 250mW/m^2 were observed around Kuju volcano. The high heat flows are interpreted in terms of conductive cooling of the magma beneath Kuju volcano. The magma began to cool about 0.05 Ma. Most of the magma is not molten at present but maintains temperatures of 400-700℃ at 5 km depth. The Kuju-Iwoyama solfatara field exists just above the hottest part of the magma. The degassing magmatic fluids mix with the downgoing meteoric water at 2 km depth. Then the two-phase reservoir is formed between 2 km depth and the earth's surface. The following parameters provide a good fit thermal model beneath the solfatara fleld; magmatic fluid (30 kg/sec) is supplied from below, mixes with the downgoing meteoric water (10 kg/sec) and steam (35.8 kg/sec) and hot water (4.3 kg/sec) discharge at the earth's surface. The calculated heat discharge is 104.4 MW. The central, high permeability zone contains two-phase fluids to 2 km depth where the temperature exceeds 340℃.

Journal

The memoirs of the Geological Society of Japan   [List of Volumes]

The memoirs of the Geological Society of Japan (43), 169-177, 1994-04-28  [Table of Contents]

The Geological Society of Japan

Cited by:  4

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Codes

  • NII Article ID (NAID) :
    110003025919
  • NII NACSIS-CAT ID (NCID) :
    AN00141779
  • Text Lang :
    JPN
  • Article Type :
    Journal Article
  • ISSN :
    03858545
  • NDL Article ID :
    3902088
  • NDL Source Classification :
    ZM49(科学技術--地球科学--地質)
  • NDL Call No. :
    Z15-322
  • Databases :
    CJPref  NDL  NII-ELS