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Abstract
活断層調査の目的は, 地震の場所, 時期, 規模などを長期的に予測することにより, 国民生活の安全に資することにある。場所の予測に関連する活断層調査の課題としては, 伏在活断層調査と活断層の詳細位置情報の公表がある。時期の予測(危険度評価)に関しては, 確率評価の導入, 活動間隔のゆらぎに関するデータの蓄積, 最新活動と歴史地震の対応づけに基づく評価の推進などが今後の課題として指摘できる。また, 地震規模の予測に関する課題としては, 破壊のセグメントと単位変位量に基づき, 多様な破壊様式を取り込んだ予測の推進が挙げられ, 断層の長さから地震の規模を予測する経験式の改良も必要である。これらの個別の課題に加えて, 活断層に関する情報やその評価結果を社会や国民の広範なニーズに応じて適切に加工し, 多様な表現方法と媒体を通じて提供することが次世紀に向けて我々に課せられた大きな課題である。
Active fault investigation is aimed at contributing to the safety of human life in our nation through the long-term prediction of earthquakes. Major pressing subjects on the locational prediction of earthquakes are prospecting of concealed active faults beneath highly-urbanized areas and appropriated is closure of precise locational information of active faults to the populace. Concerning the time prediction of recurring earthquakes, we must advance probabilistic risk evaluation, study on recurrence interval's fluctuation, as well as hemiquantitative assessment based on the latest rupturing event. For a rational and reliable prediction of earthquake size, we must promote a quantitative size estimation based on rupturing segments and specific displacements, which is applicable to a great variety of rupturing events including single, multiple and successive ones. It is also necessary that empirical formulas connecting fault length with earthquake magnitude should be improved. In addition, we must appropriately process the active fault data in response to diverse needs of the society, and must offer various styles of information on active faults through various communication media.
Journal
- The memoirs of the Geological Society of Japan [List of Volumes]
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The memoirs of the Geological Society of Japan (49), 61-70, 1998-03-27 [Table of Contents]
The Geological Society of Japan