Phosphatidylcholine liposomes containing the saponin aglycone diosgenin or tigogenin in place of cholesterol-Their properties and sensitivities to various saponins.

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1. Diosgenin and tigogenin, which are aglycones of saponins, formed liposomes with phosphatidylcholine, and these liposomes showed a rather stable barrier function. These aglycones both have the same 3β-hydroxyl group and flat steroid nucleus as cholesterol, but have different side chains. 2. The effects of the aglycones on the phase transition of phosphatidylcholine were examined by measuring their effects on the permeability increase due to perturbation of phase equilibrium and by differential scanning calorimetry. These analogs with spirostane structure have a fluidizing effect similar to that of cholesterol. 3. The permeability increase observed in egg yolk phosphatidylcholine liposomes at 42°was not suppressed by diosgenin, suggesting that the aglycone does not have a condensing effect on phospholipid bilayers. 4. Egg yolk phosphatidylcholine liposomes with diosgenin are less sensitive to digitonin and akebia saponins than those with cholesterol.

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