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Abstract
脳動脈瘤破裂に伴う脳血管攣縮に対しては塩酸パパベリンの動注や経皮的血管形成術(PTA)など, 脳血管内治療が有効とされ治療の主体をなしている. 特に塩酸パパベリンの選択的動注はPTAと比べ比較的手技が簡単であるため, 現在多くの施設で行われている. しかしながら薬効が短く治療を繰り返す必要があること, 時期により拡張効果が異なること, さらには呼吸抑制, 頻脈, 血圧低下, 脳圧亢進, 脳幹症状, 瞳孔異常などの重篤な副作用も報告されるなど問題点も多い. 今回は妊娠25週, 切迫早産治療中のくも膜下出血例で, 術後の著明な脳血管攣縮に対し, 塩酸ファスジルと血管拡張剤であるミルリノンの動注を行ったところ著明な血管拡張が得られた症例を経験した. 妊娠経過中のくも膜下出血治療上の留意点, 特に脳血管攣縮につき文献的考察を加え報告する. 症例 患者:37歳, 女性(妊娠25週, 初産婦). 家族歴, 既往歴:高血圧. 現病歴:平成15年9月22日妊娠25週で切迫早産のため, 他院産婦人科に入院し子宮運動抑制剤(塩酸リトドリン)の点滴治療を受けていたが, 20時頃急に頭痛と嘔気を訴えたため, CTを行ったところくも膜下出血を認め, 当院救命救急センターに転院となった.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage from an intracranial aneurysm during pregnancy is a rare complication but with high maternal and fetal mortality. We report a 37-year-old woman during the 25th gestational week who was under treatment of preterm labor when she suffered from subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Emergent surgical clipping of the aneurysm was performed and the following severe vasospasm was successfully treated by intra-arterial infusions in combination with Fasudil Hydrochloride and Milrinone. The patient had a good outcome and delivered a healthy female by cesarean section. Milrinone is a direct vasodilator with noncatechokuuine, nonglycosidicinotropic activity. Although its potency is known to be 10-30 times higher than that of the parent compound Amrinone, fewer adverse effects like hypotension are reported. Intra-arterial combined use of Fasudil Hydrochloride and Milrinone is an effective and safe treatment of choice in a pregnant patient with severe vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage, because both maternal and fetal hypotension can be avoided.
Journal
- Surgery for cerebral stroke [List of Volumes]
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Surgery for cerebral stroke 32(5), 376-380, 2004-09-30 [Table of Contents]
The Japanese Conference on Surgery for Cerebral Stroke