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Abstract
ツユクサ属の5分類群について, 葉の表皮におけるシュウ酸カルシウムの結晶の分布と形態, その分類上の意義を初めて報告する。全種において針状束晶が単独であるいは集合して観察される。加えて, Commelina africanaは多角形の束晶を, C. erecta subsp. erectaのとC. erecta subsp. livingstoniiはそれぞれプリズム状束晶とひし型束晶をもっている。C. benghalensisは非集合型の針状束晶を, C. diffusaは集合型東晶をもつ点で他と異なっている。広だ円形の結晶をもつ点でC. erecta subsp. livingstoniiはC. erecta subsp. erectaから区別できる。気孔の孔辺細胞のまわりに結晶があることは, ショウ酸カルシウムの結晶がこれらの分類群では, 栄養的且つ機械的役割をもっていることを意味しているかもしれない。
Histochemical localization of ergastic substances (calcium oxalate crystals) in the leaves of five members of the genus Commelina L. and its bearing on the taxonomy of these taxa are reported for the first time. All the taxa possessed needle-like raphides either singly dispersed in the epidermal cells or aggregated in forms of bundles. In addition, C. africana also has polygonally shaped crystals, and C. erecta subsp. erecta and C. erecta subsp. livingstonii have prismatic and rhomboidal crystals, respectively. C. benghalensis is distinct in having mostly the needle-shaped, non-aggregated raphides, and C. diffusa is distinct in having aggregated crystals. The occurrence of oval crystals distinguishes C. erecta subsp. livingstonii from C. erecta subsp. erecta. The localization of crystals around the guard cells of the stomata suggests that the calcium oxalate crystals may play nutritional and mechanical role in these taxa.
Journal
- Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica [List of Volumes]
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Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica 48(1), 23-30, 1997-08-30 [Table of Contents]
The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics
