小笠原諸島産ハツバキ(トウダイグサ科ハツバキ連)の花の形態とその分類学的意味 Floral Morphology and its Systematic Implications in Drypetes integerrima (Koidz.) Hosok. (Euphorbiaceae, tribe Drypeteae) from Bonin Islands, Japan

    • 徳岡 徹 TOKUOKA TORU
    • 京都大学人間環境学研究科 Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University
    • PENG CHING-I
    • 台湾台中市国立自然科学博物館 National Museum of Natural Science

Abstract

小笠原諸島に産するハツバキの花の形態と構造はこれまで正確に理解されていなかった。そのため, ハツバキ, およびこれとの比較のためアフリカ産のハツバキ連3種とアジア産ハツバキ連2種の雄花と雌花を実体顕微鏡, ミクロトーム切片, 及び走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて観察した。その結果, ハツバキは日本庭ハツバキ連のもう一種である琉球列島のツゲモドキ属ツゲモドキ(Putranjiva matsumurae)とは, これまで知られていた雄しべの本数の違いのほかに花盤の有無でも異なることがわかった。すなわち, ツゲモドキは花盤がないのに対し, ハツバキは花盤を持っていた。ハツバキとツゲモドキはこれまで常に同属と扱われてきた。しかし, 花の形態が大きく異なるため, 現在利用されているWebsterの分類システムに従ってハツバキをッゲモドキとは別属(ハツバキ属Drypete)のDrypete integerrimaとして扱うべきである。また, ハツバキ属(Drypetes)の花盤は解剖学的に見れば, 細胞質に富んだ, 良く染まる小さな細胞から作られ, その向軸側には気孔に似た孔が散在している。これらのことから, 花盤は蜜腺であることが分かった。

Flowers of the species of Drypeteae in Bonin islands have been very poorly understood with respect to their morphology and structure. Both male and female flowers in flowering stage of the species from Bonin islands, as well as of the three African species of Drypetes and two East Asian species of Putranjiva (including P. matsumurae), were examined by stereoscopy and on the basis of microtome sections as well as of scanning electron micrographs. Contrary to all earlier taxonomic treatment placing the two Japanese species in the same genus, the species from Bonin islands greatly differs in floral morphology from Putranjiva matsumurae, another Japanese species in Ryukyu islands. The species from Bonin islands has the nectariferous "disk" which is lacking in Putranjiva matsumurae and has 5-8 stamens in staminate flowers in contrast to 2(-3) stamens in those of P. matsumurae. Following the latest system of classification of Euphorbiaceae, two Japanese species of Drypeteae should be placed separately in two distinct genera, i.e., the species from Bonin islands as Drypetes integerrima and, the other from Ryukyu islands as Putranjiva matsumurae. It is also shown anatomically that the disk of Drypetes is a nectary composed of small, densely stained cells with rich cytoplasm and, having stomata-like pores on surface of the adaxial side.

Journal

Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica   [List of Volumes]

Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica 48(2), 159-166, 1998-02-28  [Table of Contents]

The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics

References:  9

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Codes

  • NII Article ID (NAID) :
    110003758824
  • NII NACSIS-CAT ID (NCID) :
    AN00118019
  • Text Lang :
    ENG
  • Article Type :
    ART
  • ISSN :
    00016799
  • NDL Article ID :
    4502604
  • NDL Source Classification :
    ZR3(科学技術--生物学--植物)
  • NDL Call No. :
    Z18-64
  • Databases :
    CJP  NDL  NII-ELS