Insecticide studies in vector control of Guatemalan onchocerciasis : 2. Efficacy of larvicides assessed by simulated trough tests

DOI Web Site 2 Citations
  • UMINO Tokuko
    Laboratorio de Investigacion Cientifica para Control de la Oncocercosis:(Present address)Ageo Research Laboratory, Agrochemicals Division, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
  • SUZUKI Takeshi
    Laboratorio de Investigacion Cientifica para Control de la Oncocercosis
  • JUAREZ O. E. Leonel
    Laboratorio de Investigacion Cientifica para Control de la Oncocercosis

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  • グァテマラのオンコセルカ症ベクターコントロールにおける殺虫剤の研究 : 2. 人工水路試験における各種殺虫剤の効力

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Abstract

Comparative efficacy of seven insecticides against Guatemalan blackfly larvae was assessed by semi-field trough tests. Chlorphoxim, permethrin and chlorpyrifos-methyl consisted of the most effective group, followed by the second group, temephos. The third group, diazinon, phenothrin and fenitrothion, was inferior to the above two groups. Unlike most organophosphorus insecticides, pyrethroids have a tendency of sharp mortality dropping in relation to the concentration decrease. Blackfly larvae paralyzed by phenothrin showed high recovery. No difference in susceptibility was observed, either of four blackfly species, Simulium ochraceum, S. metallicum, S. callidum and S. horacioi, or of small-, medium- and large-sized larvae of these species. With the same total amount of temephos application, no great difference was observed in mortality, as far as exposure time was in the range of 10 to 120min; but higher mortality was observed with 300min exposure. All available data of temephos by trough and stream tests were reviewed on the basis of concentration per 1min water discharge (ppm-min). Minimum value for the 95% lethal concentration in trough tests was estimated to be 3ppm-min. Most stream tests under review were found effective only when more than 3ppm-min was applied. Exceptions for the above were considered as due either to special particulate formulation or to adsorption of temephos onto particulates suspended in stream water.

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