七・八世紀におけるイホ・カリホ・イホリ

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • ON "IFO", "KARI-IFO" AND "IFORI" BUILDINGS IN THE 7TH AND THE 8TH CENTURY IN JAPAN
  • 7・8世紀におけるイホ・カリホ・イホリ
  • 7 8セイキ ニ オケル イホ カリホ イホリ

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抄録

We know that there were buildings called "Ifo", "Kari-Ifo" and "Ifori" in ancient Japan, and that some of "Ifo" buildings were used as dwelling houses. But beyond these points, in the present day, we only have rather vague architectural ideas on them, so we cannot discuss them in the history of Japanese architecture. To get more precise architectural images and characteristics of these buildings, the author throghly researched available facts through the scenes presenting those buildings in the tales and poetry of the following four areas of literature, and tried to reconstruct their images of building forms. "Kojiki". (a history of Japan, completed in 712 A.D., 3 volumes.) "Nippon-Shoki". (a history of Japan, completed in 720 A.D., 30 volumes.) "Manyoshu". (an anthology, edited in the end of the 8th century A.D.) "Fudoki". (5 provincial histories, completed in the middle of the 8th century A.D.) In this short synopsis the author will refer only to "Ifo " building which is the main theme of this paper. In conclusion the author got the following facts and ideas on this type of building. a. In the said four areas of literature, there are only five instances of "Ifo" buildings. b. Of the five instances only two of them were dwelling houses. One of them was for a very poor family, and the building had only one room with dried grass floor. Another one was allegorically used for the house of the crab of Naniwa beach, which was hiding from society. c. In both cases the dwellers of "Ifo" buildings belonged to the lowest class of the society at the time. d. The other two of "Ifo" buildings were built for the funeral rituals of nobles. Though their function in the ritual was not clear, it is very certain that they were temporary buildings. e. The last one of "Ifo" buildings showed its building form as a hillock of grass on the earth. f. Adding to these facts, many "Kari-Ifo" buildings were also temporarily built in the fields for travellers to sleep in. g. Considering these facts, the author thinks that we may take "Ifo" buildings (especially those built in the 7th and the 8th century) as rather temporary buildings with only grass roof (s). We can not take them to mean permanent buildings to live in as they have been vaguely thought of till today.

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