Preparation of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Thin Film by Hydrothermal Electrochemical Method

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<jats:p> BaTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> thin films have been prepared <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic> on Ti metal substrates by a hydrothermal electrochemical technique, where a direct current has been passed between the anode, Ti plate, and the cathode, Pt plate, in high-temperature, high-pressure Ba<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> solutions. Dense thin films, 0.1∼0.3 µm thick, which consist of cubic BaTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> polycrystals without apparent pores or defects have been obtained under the following conditions: in 0.25∼0.5 N-Ba(OH)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> solutions above 100°C under saturated vapor pressures with the current density of 10∼100 mA/cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> after 30∼80 min. These films are paraelectric with the dielectric constant of ≈300. </jats:p>

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