カラマツ樹皮のスクレレイド分化と成熟

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タイトル別名
  • Differentiation and Maturation of Sclereid in the Bark of Japanese Larch
  • カラマツ ジュヒ ノ スクレレイド ブンカ ト セイジュク

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抄録

東京農業大学奥多摩演習林内のカラマツ1個体を供試木とし,5～11月に地上高1.2,4.2,7.2,9.0mの部位から樹皮試料を採取し,内樹皮横断面でスクレレイドの月ごとの変化を観察した。さらに,11月にこの供試木を伐採して得た円板から樹皮および木部試料を得て,スクレレイドの観察および寸法測定,仮道管の寸法測定を行った。(1)スクレレイドの厚壁化は5月下旬から6月下旬の間に開始し,9月にはほぼ完了した。(2)スクレレイドには大きく分けて3つの形態があった。I型は細長い紡錘形をしており,形成層年齢が高い試料で多く観察された。III型は多方向に分枝が出ており,形成層年齢が低い試料で観察された。II型はI型とIII型の中間の形態であった。(3)スクレレイドの長さや形状比の変動傾向は,仮道管の長さのそれに極めて類似していた。

Anatomical characteristics of sclereid in the bark of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) CARRIERE) were investigated focusing on sclereid development within a growth season. The bark samples were collected at 1.2, 4.2, 7.2, and 9.0m high in the university forest of Tokyo University of Agriculture, Okutama, Tokyo, Japan, and were embedded with methaclylate resin. Transverse sections of the inner barks were cut and observed under the optical microscope with saflanin-fast green double staining and also the reaction with phloroglucinol-HCl solution. Several indicators of sclereid characteristics such as cell wall thickness, cell diameter, lumen diameter, sclereid density, and area ratio of lignified sclereid cell wall were measured on the transverse sections. Tracheid length and tracheid microfibril angles in radial wall of late-wood tracheid were measured. The relationship between sclereid and tracheid maturation age were discussed. The results were as follows : (1) Sclereids firstly expanded their diameter and then started cell wall deposition, during late May to late June, and the cell wall deposition was completed in September. (2) The form of sclereids was categorized into three types. Type I was observed in the phloem of mature stage ; type III was observed in the phloem of juvenile stage ; type II that was an intermediate of types I and III was observed in all stages. (3) Sclereid length variation was fairly similar to tracheid length variation.

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KJ00004074149

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