The Structure Factors of Liquid Metals in Low Wavevector Region

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The low wave vector structure factors have been determined in the wavevector, Q, region down to Q=0.08 A^<-1> for 30 liquid metals including iron-group and lanthanide elements by x-ray diffraction. The low Q structure factor is a slowly increasing function of Q and its profile is quite similar among the liquid metals presently investigated. The long wavelength limit value of the structure factor, S(Q), derived from the present experimental structural data agrees well with that calculated from the isothermal compressibility for various liquid non-transition metals at temperature near the melting point, although a difference larger than 20 % was found in liquid Ga, Si and Sn. The long wavelength limit values of the structure factor for 21 liquid transition metals have been also evaluated from which the isothermal compressibility was suggested.

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