そ菜残葉の化学的組成とその飼料価値  [in Japanese] Chemical Composition, Digestibility and Nutritive Value in Residual leaves of Vegetables for Pig Feeds  [in Japanese]

そ菜残葉の養豚飼料としての価値を検討するために,カブ,キャベツ,コカブ,コマツナおよびニンジンについて各部位別にその化学的組成,総エネルギーおよびミネラル含量を測定し,また構造性炭水化物の分画を行なった.カブ茎葉とキャベツ外葉については,一代雑種豚(平均体重76kg)3頭を用いて消化試験を行なった.その結果は次のとおりであった.1.化学的組成を茎葉についてみると原物では水分が多く91〜93%を占めるため各栄養素量は低く,粗蛋白質が1.0〜2.5%,粗脂肪が0.2〜0.5%,粗繊維は0.8〜1.9%,可溶無窒素物は3.0〜5.3%,粗灰分は0.8〜1.7%であった,これを風乾物に調製すると高蛋白質低繊維の良好な飼料であることが認められた.2.構造性炭水化物の総量は29.9〜41.7%であり粗飼料としては少ない値であった.セルロース含量はキャベツ茎部,カブ茎葉および根部にやや多く,へミセルロースはコカブ茎葉,コマツナ茎葉,キャベツ葉球,同茎部,ニンジン茎葉およぴキャベツ外葉に多かった.反芻獣はセルロースをよく消化し,豚はへミセルロースの消化がよいという報告があり,今後,検討を要する問題であろう.3.カブ茎葉およびキャベツ外葉の消化率は有機物が69%および73%,総エネルギーが64%および70%であり,高い消化率を示した.その栄養価をDCPおよびTDNで示すとカブ茎葉のDCPは1.4%(乾物16.0%),TDNは5.4%(59.2%)であり,キャベツ外葉のそれは0.9%(10.1%)および5.8%(62.6%)であった.DCPの含量は良好であり,特にカブ茎葉において高いが,TDNがやや少ない飼料と言えよう.4.カブ茎葉およびキャベツ外葉の収量は10a当りに換算すると2033kgおよび2535kgであり,これを風乾物に調製した結果は208kgおよび268kgであった.今後,さらに他のそ菜についての利用法およびそれらの貯蔵調製法を検討する必要があろう.

Chemical composition, digestibility and nutritive value in residual leaves of vegetables for pig feeds. T. YOSHIMOTO and N. MATSUBARA. Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Japan. Tech. Bull. Fac. Hort. Chiba Univ., No.24 : 27-32, 1976. The present study has been conducted in order to investigate the nutritive value of residual part of vegetables for pig feeding. Leaves and edible parts of turnip, edible parts of cabbages, residual leaves and stem of cabbages, leaves of Kokabu, leaves of Komatsuna, leaves and edible parts of carrots were used in this investigation. Chemical composition, gross energy and mineral contents of them were determined. Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were estimated using the method developed by VAN SOEST (1963). Meal of turnip leaves and residual leaves of cabbages was mixed with the formula feed respectively, and the digestibility and the nutritive value of each meal were determined by 3 hybrid pigs weighing about 76kg each. The present experiment shows the following results: Moisture contents of residual parts of vegetables were about 91%. Crude protein contents were estimated between 0.9 and 2.5%. Kokabu and Komatsuna indicated higher protein content than the other vegetables. Crude fat and crude fiber were in low contents on each vegetables. Chemical Composition in dry matter showed high protein and low fiber contents. Structural carbohydrates were contained from 23.3 to 41.7%. Both leaves and edible parts of turnip contained high cellulose and low hemicellulose. Each part of cabbages, Kokabu and Komatsuna showed high content of hemicellulose. Digestibility of turnip leaves and residual part of cabbages were as follows: Organic matter was 69% and 73% respectively, crude protein was 73% and 67%, crude fat was 67% and 66%, crude fiber was 61% and 89%, NFE was 69% and 71%, gross energy was 64% and 70%. Then the high value was obtained in DCP (16.0 and 10.1% in dry matter) but TDN was obtained at a little low value (59.2 and 62.6% in dry matter) and their digestive energies were 2530kcal/kg and 2710kcal/kg respectively. Residual leaves of vegetables are considered to have an effective quality for feed stuffs from the present study. Therefore, it is desirable that they should be utilized for pig feeds, if the large amounts of green yields such as 2000kg/a of turnip leaves and 2500kg/a of cabbage leaves are taken into account.