マタニティスイミングの精神的効果 : MCL-3,POMSを利用して  [in Japanese] Psychological effects of swimming on pregnant women using MCL-3 and POMS  [in Japanese]

マタニティスイミングの精神的効果を客観的データより明らかにすることを目的に,妊婦22名(初産婦11名,経産婦11名)を対象に,週1回,全10回のマタニティスイミングプログラムにおいて,調査を行った。測定尺度は,短期的効果の測定にはMCL-3を用い,長期的効果の測定には,POMSを用いた。結果,以下のことが明らかとなった。1.短期的な精神的効果1)スイミングを行った後は,行う前に比べて「快感情」「リラックス感」「満足感」というポジティブな感情が有意に増加していた。2)スイミングにより,経産婦は初産婦に比べて有意にポジティブな感情を得ていた。3)運動歴の有無による有意な差はみられなかった。4)スイミングを行った後は,「リラックス感」に比べ「快感情」「満足感」が有意に得られていた。2.長期的な精神的効果1)「怒り-敵意」「緊張-不安」「抑うつ-落ち込み」といった感情が減少する傾向があった。2)初経産,運動歴の有無による特徴的な差は認められなかった。以上より,マタニティスイミングは,妊婦に好ましい精神的効果をもたらすことが明らかとなり,妊娠に伴う不安や抑うつといった感情の増加の緩和につながると考えられる。

The purpose of this study was to explore the psychological effects of swimming on pregnant women using objective data obtained from the Mood Check List (MCL-3) and Profile of Mood States (POMS). Twenty two pregnant women (11 primipara, 11 multipara) participated in a swimming program once a week for a total of 10 weeks. The MCL-3 was used to explore the short term effects, and the POMS was used to measure long term effects. The short term effects after swimming were significant increases in positive feelings such as "Pleasantness", "Relaxation", "Satisfaction", with more positive feelings being recorded among multipara than primipara, and no significant difference between women who had exercised regularly and those who hadn't. Pregnant women felt more "Pleasantness" and "Satisfaction" than "Relaxation" after swimming. The long term effects were not significant, but negative feelings such as "Anger-Hostility", "Tension-Anxiety" and "Depression-Dejection" tended to decrease. There were no differences in the long term effects between primipara and multipara. The results indicate that swimming might be one way for pregnant women to prevent the increases of anxiety and/or depression which often occur as a pregnancy progress, and consequently help women to have a comfortable life during their pregnancy.