妊婦の呼気中CO濃度における実態調査 : 禁煙支援のための視覚的媒体を求めて  [in Japanese] Fact-finding about maternity expiration CO levels : A study of a nursing care tool for nonsmoking support  [in Japanese]

妊婦の禁煙指導は,聴講型の知識伝達によるものが一般的であり,意識の変容に訴えるような具体的な媒体や指標の提示は少ないという現状がある。そこで,喫煙の影響が簡潔に測定できるマイクロスモーカライザーを用いて,妊婦の呼気中CO濃度を測定し,妊婦を取り巻く喫煙環境と共に比較し分析した。その結果,121名の妊婦の呼気中CO濃度の平均値は,喫煙歴にしたがって有意に高値を示した。CO平均値は,喫煙妊婦では5.64ppm,非喫煙者1.18ppmであり,喫煙歴(p<0.001),現在の喫煙の有無(p<0.05),家族の喫煙者の有無(p<0.01),などにおいて有意な差がみられた。また,妊娠前に禁煙に至っている喫煙経験者と喫煙継続者を比較しても,禁煙妊婦のほうが呼気中CO濃度は低い結果であった。したがって,妊娠期の禁煙支援の効果を測定するべき指標となることがうかがわれた。

There are a few guidelines to judge the smoking of pregnant women in Japan. Maternity general nonsmoking guidance is the attendance type. Therefore we inform them of the harmful effects of smoking. However, there are only a few women who discontinued smoking based on counseling by medical staff. We think that we have to improve nonsmoking guidance methods for them in medical examination. Aim: The purpose of this study is to measure carbon monoxide levels during maternity expirations by using a Micro-smokarizer developing nursing care tool, in an effort to detect influences. Subject: 121 pregnant women, periodically consulting gynecologists in Hiroshima city in Japan. Methods: we used the Micro-smokeriser and measured carbon monoxide levels during maternal expiration duirng medical examinations. In addition, we examined maternal smoking history, smoking environment by questionnaire investigation. We examined CO levels and their associations. As a result, the carbon monoxide levels showed significantly higher levels in women with a smoking history and women exposed to passive smoking environments. The mean of carbon monoxide was 5.8ppm (max12ppm). So, their test result was remarkably low in comparison with adult male carbon monoxide levels. Therefore, it becomes a nonsmoking incentive to measure carbon monoxide, and it is a guideline of effective support when we promoted discontinued smoking to them. In addition, pregnant women have great influence on familial smoking. Therefore we have to support pregnant women together with their families when they quit smoking.