観光農園の秋期開園期間延長のためのペカン品種の検討(育種・遺伝資源)  [in Japanese] Investigation of Varietal Variations in Pecan (Carya illinoensis Koch) Cultivars for Extending a Business Period of Tourism Farm in Autumn(Breeding & Germplasm Resources)  [in Japanese]

秋期のクリ観光農園を長期間開園していくために,同じ堅果類であるペカンが有利な樹種になると考え,25品種で雌・雄花の開花期を,16品種で収穫期および果実品質を調査した・雌・雄花の開花期について調査した結果,多くの品種で雌花が早く開花し,雌花の開花後期に雄花の開花期が数日間会合した.雄花穂長と雄花の開花期について調査した結果,開花期には年次変動があり,明確な相関が認められなかった.収穫期は9月上旬から11月上旬までの約2か月間で,極早生種から極晩生種までに分類された.果実の大きさは,極晩生種の'CLS-61'と'デス'が他品種より有意に大きかった.また,'MISS-10'と'CLS-61'の2品種は,新鮮仁重が7.0g以上あった.品種による収穫時期の早晩と脂質含量の間には明確な関係は認められなかった.以上の結果から,雌・雄花の開花期が重なる品種の存在が明らかになった.また,極早生から極晩生の品種を導入することで,和歌山県におけるペカンの収穫期間を2か月間に延長できると考えられた.果実品質面から,可食部(仁)が大きく,脂質含量の高い'パウニー'と'MISS-10'が有望と考えられた.

Pecans belonging to the same group as Japanese chestnut would be advantageous trees to extend the business cycle of tourism farming of chestnut trees in the autumn season. We investigated the flowering period of male and female flowers in twenty-five cultivars, and the harvest period and fruit quality in sixteen cultivars. It was observed that the female flower bloomed earlier than the male flower in most cultivars. However, there was an overlapping period of several days during the blooming of male and female flowers. Then we investigated the length of the male spike and flowering period of male flower. Blooming changed yearly and there was no correlation between the two. The harvest period lasted for two months, from early September to early November. Cultivars were classified into five groups; very early, early, middle, late and very late maturing. Fruit size was significantly larger in 'CLS-61' and 'Dess', very late maturing than the other cultivars. Two cultivars, 'MISS-10' and 'CLS-61' provided a fresh kernel weight of 7g or more. There was no correlation between the harvesting time and kernel oil content. In conclusion, cultivars with overlapping flowering periods of male and female flowers were identified. Harvest time of pecan trees in Wakayama Prefecture could be extended to two months by introducing cultivars from very early to very late maturing. 'Pawnee' and 'MISS-10' are promising cultivars for commercial production due to the large edible portion and high oil content.