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Abstract
事例研究は,EBM(エビデンス・ベイスト・メディスン)においてはエビデンスの質が最も低い研究の一つとみなされている.しかしながら,事例研究では,生物学的次元に限定されない多様な側面が記述され,主観的/相互交流的事象も扱うことができるため,人間を要素に分割して扱うのではなく,全体としてとらえようとする人間科学的研究法という観点からは,より適切な研究法といえる.事例研究の主な特徴としては,以下の点が挙げられる.(1)個別性の尊重,(2)プロセスの検討,(3)関係性への注目,(4)仮説生成.一方,NBM(ナラティブ・ベイスト・メディスン)はEBMの実践において個別性の問題に直面する中から生まれてきたものであるが,患者を語り手として尊重し,病(やま)いを物語としてとらえ,聞き手と語り手をつなぐものとしての物語に注目する.これらは事例研究の特徴と重なる部分が多く,NBMの観点からも,有力な研究法となることが期待される.
Case study is ranked as the lowest level of evidence in evidence based medicine (EBM). However, in case study that is based on rich descriptions of patients'narrative and psycho-social contexts as well as objective data, it would be possible to discuss subjective and/or interactive phenomena. This means that case study is more suitable for a human science oriented-research. The main features of case study based on patients'narrative is; 1) to respect a unique experience of the individual, 2) to make it possible to discuss a process of therapy, 3) to pay an attention to relationship, 4) to generate a hypothesis. On the other hand, narrative based medicine (NBM) arose from research and practice of EBM when they came to face a difficulty in applying evidence to an individual patient. Narrative based medicine deals with illness as story and patient as subject. NBM is concerned with individuals. It presupposes a narrator and a listener and telling a narrative connects them. It uses an interpretive and interactive framework. Thus narrative based case study has many characteristics in common with NBM. This is the reason why it would be a powerful and useful method of research and practice from the perspective of NBM.
Journal
- Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine [List of Volumes]
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Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine 46(9), 789-797, 2006-09-01 [Table of Contents]
Japanese Society of Psychosomatic Medicine