オウトウとサクラ'ソメイヨシノ'との種間交雑(育種・遺伝資源)  [in Japanese] Interspecific Crossing between Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) and Ornamental Cherry (Prunus×yedoensis Matsum.)(Breeding & Germplasm Resource)  [in Japanese]

オウトウ7品種と観賞用サクラ'ソメイヨシノ'との間の種間交雑を試みることで,生食可能な果実と観賞価値のある花を兼ね備えた雑種を獲得することを目的とした.'ソメイヨシノ'×オウトウの交雑ではほぼ0%の結実率であった.一方,オウトウ×'ソメイヨシノ'の交雑の組み合せではほぼ全ての組み合せで結実が認められ種子が得られた.得られた456果の果実のうち,192果(42.1%)を胚培養した結果,1年後には計42個体の実生が順化できた.これら実生と,その後健全に生育し開花結実した個体の形態的観察の結果,葉や果実形質の一部は交配に用いた両親それぞれの特徴を示した.雑種と思われた'テンコウニシキ'×'ソメイヨシノ'の交雑実生4個体とその両親からDNAを抽出してRAPD分析を行った結果,両親それぞれに特有のバンドが検出され,得られた開花結実4個体は雑種であることが確認された.

This report illustrates interspecific crossings between 7 cultivars of sweet cherries (P. avium L.) and 1 cultivar of ornamental cherry (P.×yedoensis Matsum.). Our objective is to obtain hybrids that have edible fruits as well as attractive flowers. Almost all of crossings of P.×yedoensis as the seed parent with sweet cherries (P. avium) as the pollen parents were unable to set fruit. However, 6 of 7 reverse cross combinations (P. avium×P.×yedoensis) set fruits (0.2-26.7%). A total of 456 fruit were obtained from the above crossing experiment, however, only 192 fruit (42.1%) produced normal and vivid embryos. These could be transferred to an embryo culture. As a result of crossing in three combinations, a total of 42 F_1 seedlings were obtained. Some morphological traits of the F_1 plants such as pubescence and the color of the leaves or fruit were supposed to be dominant on the basis of their segregation ratio. This also certified that these hybrids were not derived from any pollination error. Further, RAPD analysis detected derivative bands from both parents in the hybrids, confirming the hybrid nature of the offspring.