数種花きにおける花弁からの糖質の簡易迅速抽出法の確立(収穫後の貯蔵・流通)  [in Japanese] A Simple and Rapid Method for the Extraction of Soluble Carbohydrate from Petals of Several Flowers(Postharvest Physiology & Technology)  [in Japanese]

花弁の糖質をモル濃度で表示するための試料の簡易迅速抽出法の開発を試みた.バラ'ソニア'の花弁を遠心フィルターユニットに入れ,液体窒素で凍結後,遠心したところ,細胞液が抽出できることが確認された.抽出量は遠心時間が長くなるほど多くなったが,30分間の抽出でほぼ一定となった.この方法で抽出した試料の糖質組成を熱エタノールで抽出した場合(常法)と比較したところ,著しい差はみられなかった.抽出した試料を常温で保持したところ,時間の経過にともないスクロース濃度は低下した.しかし,4℃での保持によりこの低下は抑制された.したがって,抽出した試料は低温で保持し,できる限り短時間で分析することが必要であることが示された.バラ'マドレーヌ','ニューブライダル','サターン','ローテローゼ',カーネーション,トルコギキョウおよびオキシペタルム花弁の糖質組成に簡易迅速法と常法との間で大きな差はみられなかった.以上の結果から,花弁を液体窒素で凍結後,ただちに遠心することにより糖質を含む細胞液を採取する方法は糖質をモル濃度として定量するための迅速かつ簡易な方法であると考えられた.

For HPLC analysis of soluble carbohydrate concentration in petals, a simple and rapid extraction method using a centrifugal filter device was developed. Rose 'Sonia' petals were placed in a centrifugal filter device, frozen in liquid nitrogen and centrifuged. The resulting leached fluid was used as a soluble carbohydrate sample for HPLC analysis. The amount of leached fluid increased with the increasing duration of centrifugation, but reached a plateau after centrifugation for 30 min. When soluble carbohydrate composition of fluid obtained from this method was compared with that from a conventional extraction method using hot ethanol, there was no significant difference between the two methods. When leached fluid was held at room temperature, its sucrose concentration decreased with time, but this decrease was suppressed when the fluid was stored at 4℃. This suggests that soluble carbohydrate samples prepared by this method should be stored at a low temperature and analyzed as soon as possible. Soluble carbohydrate samples were extracted from rose 'Madeleine', 'New Bridal', 'Rote Rose', 'Saturn', carnations, Eustoma and Oxypetalum petals using this method and the compositions of these samples were compared with those obtained by the conventional method. There were no marked differences between the two methods. These results suggested that the extraction method using a centrifugal filter device is a simple and rapid method of determining soluble carbohydrate concentrations in the petals of various flowers.