72.電磁環境がショウジョウバエの成体におよぼす変化 : 電子レンジの照射について-(予報)

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  • 72.A preliminary report of the biological effect of microwave irradiation in Drosophila melanogaster

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The biological effect of microwave irradiation has been investigated using the pupae of the Oregon-R wild type of Drosophila melanogaster. For microwave treatment, a household electronic range (with a microwave radiation of 2.45GHz) was used. The pupae were enveloped in a styrofoam container for the prevention of any pronounced thermal effect of microwave, placed in the electronic range, and then irradiated for 5, 10, 15 and 20 seconds. The percentage of adult flies which emerged from the irradiated pupae was examined in each test group. The rates of emergence were as follows: 93.4% for the control, 90.5% for the 5-second batch, 82.2% for the 10-second batch, 22.4% for the 15-second batch and 0% for the 20-second batch. The flies from the 24-hour-pupae which had been irradiated for 10 seconds were mated with attached-X flies. In the F_1 generation, morphological abnormal wings were found in 76 out of 2272 offspring. In order to examine the heritability of the abnormal wings by the next generation, these abnormal flies were mated with attached-X flies. Only one line of males derived from the 46 abnormal males of the F_1 generation showed abnormal wings similar to those of the parent, this abnormality remained for 16 generations. From the present results, the abnormality of the wings in this male was considered to be due to a mutation, showing the mode of sex-linked inheritance. In addition to these experiments, chromosome analyses were made both in brain ganglia cells and in salivary gland cells; we found triple-X flies in the female lines derived from the line of males with abnormal wings. Furthermore, a complex subterminal inversion of the X chromosome was found in the salivary-gland chromosomes of the same triple-X females. Although there have been several reports that thermal damage is the primary effect of exposure to microwave radiation, the present results seem to support the idea that mutagenic damage in Drosophila melanogaster may be induced by microwave irradiation of 2.45GHz.

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