「症候群」としての児童虐待と「代理人によるミュンヒハウゼン症候群」 : 医学的「症候群」証拠の意義と刑事裁判(II 自由論文)  [in Japanese] Child Abuse as a Medical 'Syndrome': Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy : The Significance of Medical 'Syndrome' Evidences in Criminal Fact Finding  [in Japanese]

Abstract

「代理人によるミュンヒハウゼン症候群」(MSBP)は,「(1)親あるいは親代わりの人物によって偽装された児童の疾患,(2)その児童は医学的検査や治療に差し出され,それは通常,絶え間なく,しばしば複合的な医療手続をもたらしている,(3)その加害者は自分が子どもの病気の原因であることを否認する,(4)子どもが加害者から分離されると,急性症状や病気のサインは消失する」の4つの基準を満たす用語として広く一般的に用いられている医学的概念である(Meadow 1995).しかし,提唱者であるメードゥ自身が認めるように,この基準は特異性に欠け,医師やソーシャル・ワーカー,司法関係者たちに混乱を生み出した.本稿は,医学的「症候群」としてのMSBP概念の特性と意義,同証拠が事実認定に与える影響を考察し,MSBPの概念がいかなる意義を持つべきかを明らかにする.MSBP概念は,発見が困難な虐待を発見するためのツールとして用いられることに最大の意義が存する.刑事事実認定においてMSBP証拠は,不可解に見える現象に対する医学的アプローチとして参照可能であるが,それはあくまでも「症候群」証拠にすぎず,その性質上,犯罪事実の認定に際しての「決定的証拠」とはなし難いものである.

From flooded literature Meadow considered it has been used most as the criteria of MSBP: (1)Illness in a child which is fabricated by a parent, or someone who is in loco parentis. (2)The child is presented for medical assessment and care, usually persistently, often resulting in multiple medical procedures. (3)The perpetrator denies the aetiology of the child's illness. (4) Acute symptoms and signs of illness cease when the child is separated from the perpetrator (Meadow 1995). As meadow himself admitting, those criteria is lack of specificity and they has led to confusion for the medical, social work, and legal professions. This paper discusses the characteristics and significance of the concept of MSBP as a medical syndrome, and traces the influence it has on finding factual evidence. As the result of those discussions, the authors found that MSBP concept is useful to have in the clinical aspect where practitioners discovered hidden child abuse. In the aspect of criminal fact findings, fact finder may make reference to MSBP evidences not as dispositive fact but one of the indirect evidences. In the nature as medical syndromes about child abuse, the evidence of medical witness about MSBP is inadmissible when it inescapably bears solely on proving that a crime occurred.

Journal

Japanese Journal of Sociological Criminology   [List of Volumes]

Japanese Journal of Sociological Criminology (29), 96-111, 2004-10-18  [Table of Contents]

Japanese Association of Sociological Criminology

Cited by:  2

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Codes

  • NII Article ID (NAID) :
    110006153661
  • NII NACSIS-CAT ID (NCID) :
    AN00206207
  • Text Lang :
    JPN
  • Article Type :
    Journal Article
  • ISSN :
    0386460X
  • NDL Article ID :
    7476622
  • NDL Source Classification :
    ZA31(政治・法律・行政--刑法・刑事政策)
  • NDL Call No. :
    Z2-611
  • Databases :
    CJPref  NDL  NII-ELS