高温および低温条件下における単為結果性トマト'ルネッサンス'の着果および果実肥大特性(栽培管理・作型)  [in Japanese] Effects of High and Low Temperature Conditions on Fruit Setting and Growth of the Parthenocarpic Tomato 'Renaissance'(Crop Production & Cropping Type)  [in Japanese]

施設内における高温および低温条件が,単為結果性トマト'ルネッサンス'の着果および果実肥大特性に及ぼす影響について検討した.日最高気温の平均値が39.2℃の高温条件において,'ルネッサンス'は単為結果性の安定した発現により100%着果し,発育不良果の発生もみられなかった.同条件において,非単為結果性トマト'桃太郎ヨーク'は受精できず,4CPA液の処理なしでは果実が正常に肥大しなかった.一方,日最低気温の平均値が5.9℃の低温条件においても,'ルネッサンス'は単為結果性の安定した発現により100%着果し,発育不良果も発生しなかった.同条件における'桃太郎ヨーク'は,受精が不完全となって,発育不良果が61%発生し,果実の正常な肥大には4CPA液の処理が不可欠であった.上述したような高温および低温条件において,'ルネッサンス'は受粉や合成オーキシン処理を省略しても果実は正常に肥大したことから,非単為結果性トマトに比べて栽培適応性か広く,生産性の高い栽培が可能と考えられる.

Effects of high and low temperature conditions in greenhouse on the fruit setting and growth of the parthenocarpic tomato 'Renaissance' were examined. Under high temperatures with a mean peak daytime temperature of 39.2℃, the fruit setting rate of 'Renaissance' was 100%, and there were no undergrown fruit due to the steady expression of parthenocarpy. At the same condition, the non-parthenocarpic tomato cultivar 'Momotaro york' was not able to fertilize, and the fruits did not develop normally without treatment using 4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid (4CPA). Furthermore, under low temperatures with a mean daytime low of 5.9℃, the fruit setting rate of'Renaissance' was 100%, and there were no undergrown fruit due to the steady expression of parthenocarpy. Under the same condition, 'Momotaro york' fertilized imperfectlly, the incidence of undergrown fruit was 61%, and treatment with 4CPA was necessary to achieve normal fruit development. It was suggested that the productivity of 'Renaissance' was higher than that of the non-parthenocarpic tomato cultivar because the fruits of 'Renaissance' developed normally without pollination and the synthetic auxin treatment under high and low temperatures as in this experiment.