交流分析理論に基づく自我状態のシフトと基本的構えの関連についての検討  [in Japanese] A Study of the Relationship between Ego-shift Patterns and Basic Positions Based on Transactional Analysis Theory  [in Japanese]

交流分析理論に基づき,Sの概念,統合的な自我状態のコントロールに関する基礎的研究として,自我状態のシフトを生じさせる場面の妥当性を検討し,自我状態のシフトと基本的構えの関連を検討することを目的とした.ここでいう自我状態のシフトとは,ある状況に直面した際に喚起された自我状態が,状況が変化した際に他の自我状態に切り替わることとした.大学生91名(男子34名,女子57名)を対象に,構造化面接を実施し,設定した場面における自我状態のシフトに関して回答を求め,基本的構えを測定するTAOKを施行した.場面の妥当性を検討するためx^2検定を行った結果,1つのCP喚起場面を除き,他の自我状態に比し目指した自我状態が喚起された.自我状態のシフトと基本的構えの関連について,t検定により解析した結果,自己肯定的であるほど,物事を客観的にとらえるAや楽観的な見方をするFCへのシフトが生じやすいと考えられた.

Objectives: In this study, the relationship between Ego-Shift patterns and Basic Positions about self and others based on Transactional Analysis was examined in order to understand the Self and total control over one's ego states. The Ego-Shift pattern refers to the shift of ego states [CP (Critical Parent), NP (Nurturing Parent), A (Adult), FC (Free Child), AC (Adapted Child)] from the first step (which is aroused on facing a new transactional situation) to the final step (which is one's response to each situation). Methods: Ninety-one university students (34 males, 57 females) had structured interviews so as to study the change in their feeling and thinking as a result of the change in their situation. They were also requested to choose one ego state among the five that expressed fit with their own feeling and thinking. Subjects indicated Ego-Shift pattern responses in 60 different situations. Their Basic Position was then assessed using TAOK. Results: Validity of the scenes was examined, using the chi-square test. All of them showed expected ego state except one of the CP-caused scenes. Additionally, the means of TAOK according to the Ego-Shift patterns were calculated. NP (permitting and encouraging) ego state related to the "I'm OK" and the "You're OK" scales. The shifts to A (rational and logical) and FC (optimistic and positive) demonstrated high scores on the "I'm OK" scale. Conclusions: The scenes causing each ego state were clarified; our study is important study for the purpose of examining total control over one's ego states. The "permitting and encouraging" ego state, the "gathering facts and considering alternatives" Ego-Shift, and also the "creating and playing" Ego-Shift were related to the healthy functional ego states.