Chemolithotrohic Bacteria: Distributions, Functions and Significance in Volcanic Environments
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- King Gary M.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University
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A mosaic of environments comprises most volcanic ecosystems. Whether terrestrial or submarine, many of these environments contain large deposits of reduced minerals, or experience large fluxes of reduced substrates, especially sulfur-containing compounds. These systems, which also are typically characterized by temperature and pH extremes, have yielded a rich variety of chemolithotrophic bacteria, and contributed much to our understanding of chemolithotroph ecology and physiology. However, volcanic ecosystems also consist of environments where inorganic and organic substrates are limiting. In these cases, chemolithotrophs may still play important roles by scavenging carbon monoxide, hydrogen or both. These gases can support metabolism of facultative chemolithotrophs, a functional group that includes many nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Facultative chemolithotrophs may not only represent important early colonists on fresh volcanic substrates (e.g., basalts lacking sulfides), they may also contribute significantly to ecosystem succession through nitrogen fixation and interactions with vascular plants. Analyses of CO and hydrogen consumption by recent deposits on Kilauea volcano show that both substrates support significant activity, while molecular approaches show a high diversity of lithotrophs. Collectively, these and other observations indicate that chemolithotrophic metabolism is more widespread than generally acknowledged, and likely to play fundamental roles in shaping ecosystem dynamics.<br>
収録刊行物
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- Microbes and environments
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Microbes and environments 22 (4), 309-319, 2007
日本微生物生態学会 / 日本土壌微生物学会 / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / 植物微生物研究会 / 極限環境微生物学会
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- CRID
- 1390001204344547968
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- NII論文ID
- 110006473357
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- NII書誌ID
- AA11551577
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- ISSN
- 13474405
- 13426311
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- NDL書誌ID
- 9278790
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- 本文言語コード
- en
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- データソース種別
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- JaLC
- NDL
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