障害児教育における「自立」の概念  [in Japanese] Concept of "Independence" in the Education for Children with Disability(Social Welfare)  [in Japanese]

近年の障害児教育についての考え方について、「21世紀の特殊教育の在り方について(2001年)」、「今後の特別支援教育の在り方について(2003年)」及び「盲学校聾学校及び養護学校高等部学習指導要領(1999年3月)」を、1970年代に養護学校全員就学を推進した側の考え方と比較した。その結果、近年の障害児教育分野では、子どもの発達要求と自主性を尊重するというよりは、「自立と社会参加」の基盤としての「生きる力」を培うことが障害児教育の目的として強調されていることが考えられた。

In this paper, I consider the philosophy of the education of children with disabilities by comparing "How Special Education in the 21^<st> Century Should Be (2001)", "How Special Needs Education Should Be in the Future (2003)", and "Teaching Guidelines for Schools for the Blind and Deaf and High Schools for Students with Disabilities (March 1999)", with the philosophy to promote the enrollment of all children with disabilities in schools for children with disabilities in the 1970s. My finding is that in the recent education of children with disabilities the development of "the ability to live" as the basis for "independence and social participation", rather than the recognition of "children's desire to develop and self initiative", is stressed as a purpose for the education of children with disabilities.