集団課題解決における他者の存在感の影響 : 他者の姿が課題解決を阻害する事例(<特集>コミュニケーションをつむぐ身体)  [in Japanese] Effect of presence of other members in group task solution : A case which presence of others disturbs group achievement  [in Japanese]

本研究では,集団が物理的近傍に存在する状況下で,他者の姿の目視できることが集団課題達成にどのような影響を与えるかについて検討する.そのために,異なる情報を与えられた4人のメンバが協同して1枚の地図を完成させるという集団課題を異なる2つの状況下で用い,それぞれの達成成績を比較した.実験は参加者間2要因配置で行われ,互いの姿が見える条件(水平型共有スクリーン)と,他者への視界が遮られている条件(垂直型個別スクリーン)とが比較された.実験の結果,後者において課題達成率が高まることが観察された.この結果を踏まえ,対人相互作用における他者への視界の影響を議論する.

We examined how a group achievement is influenced by the views towards the neighbors. Group achievements in two conditions were compared by using a task which a group must put distributed information among members and complete a map. An experiment was conducted with two between conditions. One was that participants'views toward others were not disturbed; another was that the views were disturbed by vertical screens in front of each of them. A result showed that the group achievement was higher in the situation where participants could not see each other. The influence of view in the human interaction towards others was discussed.