温州蜜柑のビタミン

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  • On the Vitamins of Unshu Orange : So-called unshu mikan

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紀要論文

温州蜜柑55品種及び橙2品種,レモン1品種について,夫々の果皮,果肉のプロビタミンA(カロチン及クリプトキサンチン),ビタミンB_1及ビタミンCについて定量した。その結果プロビタミンAは普通温州の果皮で4000〜7000γ%,そのうちカロチンはクリプトキサンチンの2倍存在する。早生温州の果皮は普通温州の約1/4でカロチンは特に少い。ビタミンB_1は普通種,早生種の大差なく,果皮中に平均76γ%,果肉中に平均93γ%である。ビタミンCも普通種,早生種の大差なく,果皮中に平均154mg%,果肉中に平均32mg%含有し,殆んど全部が還元型である。而して系統及環境等によるC量の変化は果肉に於けるよりも果皮に於いて大である。完熟橙の果皮中プロビタミンAはその計平均1990γ%で普通温州の果皮の約1/2以内である。ビタミンCは果皮,果肉共に温州より多く,ビタミンA,C共に未熟果は完熟果より少い。レモンの果皮のプロビタミンAの計は平均1678γ%で橙より少いが,果肉のそれは橙より多い。ビタミンCは果皮,果肉共に温州より多く橙と大差はない。

The contents of provitamin A (carotene and cryptoxanthine), thiamine, and ascorbic acid in the exocarp and in the endocarp of 55 varieties of mandarin orange were determined. The results of these determinations were as follows ; (1) In the exocarp of the common varieties of Unshu orange, the amount of provitamin A was found to be 4000-7000γ%, and a third of this was cryptoxanthine and the rest was carotene, while the amount of this provitamin A found in the exocarp of the precocious varieties of Unshu orange was only about a fourth of that in the common varieties, and especially the amount of carotene was much smaller. (2) The amount of thiamine and ascorbic acid contained in the Unshu orange did not differ with species having different puberties. The average amount of thiamine in the exocarp and endocarp were 76γ% and 93γ%, respectively, while the average amount of ascorbic acid in the exocarp and endocarp were 154mg% and 32mg%, respectively. The difference in the contents of ascorbic acid caused by environment and lineage was greater in the exocarp than in the endocarp. (3) The average amount of provitamin A in t\ he exocarp of the ripe daidai orange was 1990γ%, and this value does not exceed one half of that found in the exocarp of the common varieties of Unshu orange. The contents of ascorbic acid in the exocarp and in the endocarp of daidai orange were both greater than those found in the Unshu orange. The amount of ascorbic acid and provitamin A was both greater in the ripe orange than in the unripe one. (4) The average amount of provitamin A in the exocarp of lemon was 1678γ%, and this value is smaller than that of daidai orange, while the amount of provitamin A in the endocarp of lemon was greater than that of daidai orange. The contents of ascorbic acid in the exocarp and the endocarp of the lemon were greater than the Unshu orange, but not very different from the daidai.

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