フィリピン・レポートと中国の禁煙運動  [in Japanese] "The Philippine Report" and the Anti-Opium Campaign in China  [in Japanese]

In 1906, the Chinese Empress published an Edict ordering strict prohibition of cultivation and consumption of opium. Her main aim was to stop the opium traffic with England, which had endured for over sixty years. China's decision was greatly influenced by "the Report of Philippine Opium Commission," a commission, in which the US Government participated. When the United States took the Philippines, it faced an opium problem. Beginning with the occupation and for three years afterwards, the opium evil corrupted the Filipino society. Because of this the Philippine Commission created a special commission to investigate and find a solution for the whole opium question of the Orient. This commission made "The Philippine Report." The report made it clear that England had amassed a substantial amount of money from the harmful opium traffic, not only in China but also in Hong Kong and the Strait colonies. As a result, the party, which lobbied against the opium traffic, gained substantial ground in parliament, and the anti-opium movements in England were vitalized. In China, the anti-opium campaign also became active. Chinese officials knew, from the report, that Japan's successful prohibition of opium was due to that nation's superior progress. Also, they found that the US Government backed the report, and had started to seriously deal with the opium problem. Originally, "The Philippine Report" was to find a way to solve the opium problem in the Philippines, but is significantly influenced both England's and China's anti-opium campaigns, and also led to the Empresses' edict.

In 1906, the Chinese Empress published an Edict ordering strict prohibition of cultivation and consumption of opium. Her main aim was to stop the opium traffic with England, which had endured for over sixty years. China's decision was greatly influenced by "the Report of Philippine Opium Commission," a commission, in which the US Government participated. When the United States took the Philippines, it faced an opium problem. Beginning with the occupation and for three years afterwards, the opium evil corrupted the Filipino society. Because of this the Philippine Commission created a special commission to investigate and find a solution for the whole opium question of the Orient. This commission made "The Philippine Report." The report made it clear that England had amassed a substantial amount of money from the harmful opium traffic, not only in China but also in Hong Kong and the Strait colonies. As a result, the party, which lobbied against the opium traffic, gained substantial ground in parliament, and the anti-opium movements in England were vitalized. In China, the anti-opium campaign also became active. Chinese officials knew, from the report, that Japan's successful prohibition of opium was due to that nation's superior progress. Also, they found that the US Government backed the report, and had started to seriously deal with the opium problem. Originally, "The Philippine Report" was to find a way to solve the opium problem in the Philippines, but is significantly influenced both England's and China's anti-opium campaigns, and also led to the Empresses' edict.