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Abstract
キシツツジ(R. ripense Makino)について花卉遺伝資源として育種活用する目的で,山陰地域の河川の自生集団を中心に四国地域もあわせて,自生地調査と形態形質の分析ならびに葉緑体DNAの解析を行ない,遺伝的多様性を評価した.山陰地域のキシツツジ自生地調査では約40年前の調査時に比べて,ダム建設や護岸工事等により自生環境の破壊による自生集団の減少傾向がみられ,自生地保護の必要性が示唆された.形態学的形質について山陰地域に自生するキシツツジの花冠径は約6cmで,花冠のブロッチの濃さやがく片長について地域や河川集団における遺伝的多様性がみられた.また,山陰地域に自生するキシツツジ集団は四国地域に自生するものに比べて花冠径が大きい,ブロッチが濃い,葉が幅広いという形態的差異がみられた.主成分分析の結果では第1および第2主成分にはこれらの花器や葉の形質(花冠径,ブロッチの程度,がく片長および葉幅/葉長)が大きく関与し,その得点散布図では山陰中部の河川の集団が重なって分布するのに対し,山陰西部や四国の河川の集団はそれらの中心をやや離れて位置する傾向がみられた.葉緑体DNA上のtrnW-trnP遺伝子間領域において,地域変異性を示唆する塩基配列の差異がみられた.山陰地域の集団ではTA型が多く出現する傾向を示したが,四国地域ではTA型とAT型が混在していた.
The natural populations of Rhododendron ripense Makino distributed in the San-in and Shikoku area, Japan, were investigated for the application in breeding materials. Genetic diversity was evaluated based on their morphological characters and chloroplast DNA polymorphism. Wild habitats of R. ripense in the San-in area have been considered to be disturbed by construction of dams and river improvements compared to vegetation of about 40 years ago. R. ripense in the San-in area have flower corolla of approximately 6 cm diameter and showed local morphological diversity in corolla broche and sepal length. They tended to have bigger corolla diameter, deeper broche color and wider leaves than flowers of the Shikoku area. On principal component analysis, the first and second principal component had a high contribution ratio in morphological characteristics of flower and leaf. In the scatter diagram of distribution, the main San-in river populations were distributed closely, whereas the west San-in and Shikoku river populations were distributed beyond these areas. The sequence mutation that indicates local genetic diversity was detected in intron of trnW-trnP on chloroplast DNA. The populations in the San-in river area have mainly TA sequence type, whereas those of the Shikoku river area showed both TA and AT sequence types.
Journal
- Horticultural research (Japan) [List of Volumes]
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Horticultural research (Japan) 7(2), 181-187, 2008-04-15 [Table of Contents]
The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science