コラージュ制作における身体内言語の脳内メカニズム  [in Japanese] Intracerebral Mechanism for Internal Verbalization in Collage Work  [in Japanese]

今回,私たちはコラージュ制作における身体内言語のメカニズムを解明するために,脳波学的研究を行った.対象は青年期群(平均年齢21.1歳)と中高年期群(平均年齢59.6歳)とし,日本版POMS(Profile of Mood States)の改善群(以下,I群)を4因子以上に,非改善群(以下,II群)を3因子以下の2群に分類した.実験は(1)心理検査と(2)脳波実験を中心にし,後者には8課題を設定した.心理検査における青年期群のI群では,日本版POMSの2因子(T-A,C),東大式エゴグラム(TEG)の「A」,GHQ30の「不安と気分障害」が改善していたのに対し,II群ではGHQ30の「社会的活動障害」の増悪が認められた.中高年期群のI群では日本版POMSの5因子(T-A,D,A-H,F,C),GHQ30の「一般的疾患傾向」が改善していたのに対し,II群では改善も悪化もみられなかった.脳波では日本版POMSの改善因子数別に青年期群と中高年期群とを比較すると,幼少イメージと作品イメージとの間においては青年期群・中高年期群ともにI群ではp<0.05に,II群ではp<0.01に有意差が認められていた.また,左右後頭部のα波の平均振幅値(O2/O1)の比較からの検討では,青年期群は8課題のすべてにおいてもI群はII群に比べてO2/O1の値は小さく,右半球優位なイメージ思考型であることがわかった.一方,中高年期群は8課題のどれに対しても両群ともに左半球優位な言語的な脳内活動を示していた.以上,青年期群と中高年期群の脳内活動の相違を重要に考え,コラージュ制作に際しても異なった心理的アプローチの取り組み方が必要なのではないかと考えられた.

Previously, we reported that therapeutic factors of collage work are 1) visualization effects, 2) taking-in effects and 3) verbalization effects. It was assumed that when a subject of collage work therapy is asked to describe thinking and feeling images about 15 years after the therapy, the subject reencounters the previous thinking and feeling images via clipped pictures or photos as a stimulating vehicle, and has a dialogue with the own constructed work. This was termed as internal verbalization. In the present report, an electroencephalographic study was made to clarify the mechanism of internal verbalization in collage work. The subjects consisted of a young group (mean age of 21.1 years) and a middle-old group (mean age of 59.6 years). Each group was classified into Group I of improved with more than 4 factors of POMS and Group II of not-improved (improved with less than 3 factors). For each subject 1) psychological tests and 2) EEG were conducted. The latter test included 8 tasks. In the psychological tests, Group I of the young group showed improvements in 2 factors of POMS ([T-A] and [C]), [A] of TEG and anxiety-mood disorder of GHQ30, whereas Group II of the young group did not exhibit any improvement and worsening. On the other hand, in the psychological tests, Group I of the middle-old group exhibited improvements in 5 factors of POMS ; [T-A], [D], [A-H], [F] and [C] and general morbidity of GHQ 30, whereas Group II showed neither of improvement and worsening. Regarding the number of POMS factors improved, both the young group and the middle-old one showed that the image of young age and that of works were significantly different in Group I (p < 0.05) and Group II (p < 0.01). When the mean amplitude ratio of a -wave (O2/O1) in the right and left occipital lobe was compared, the image thinking type dominant in the right hemisphere was significantly more distinct in Group I than Group II. Also, it seemed that the group improved in POMS factors was more likely to present image thinking type than the not-improved group. On the other hand, the cerebral activities of middle-old group were found to be the verbal type to all 8 tasks and those were dominant in the left hemisphere. These findings suggest that various psychological approaches should be designed for collage work therapy taking consideration of the differences in cerebral activities between the young group and the middle-old one.