Oxidative Stress, Endogenous Antioxidant and Ischemia-modified Albumin in Normolipidemic Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

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  • Kumar Arun
    Department of Biochemistry, Hindustan Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
  • Sivakanesan Ramiah
    Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya
  • Singh Sandeep
    Department of Biochemistry, Hindustan Institute of Medical Sciences and Research

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Dyslipidemia appears to be a conventional risk factor for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Several studies have reported decreased levels of antioxidants and increased levels of ischemia-modified albumin (IscMA) and lipid peroxides in dyslipidemic myocardial infarct patients. However, literature search reveals no reports of normolipidemic AMI patientswith reference to antioxidants and IscMA studies. Therefore, this study determined the endogenous levels of antioxidants and IscMA in normolipidemic AMI patients so that prospective measures could be taken to avoid acute coronary complications. The serum lipid profile, albumin, uric acid, total bilirubin, malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes and IscMA levels were determined in 165 normolipidemic AMI patients and 165 age/sex-matched controls. In addition, serum lipid concentrations were estimated by enzymatic methods. Endogenous antioxidants were significantly decreased in AMI patients compared with controls. In parallel with this, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and conjugated dienes were significantly increased in AMI patients compared with controls. IscMA levels were significantly increased in AMI patients compared with controls. As for the serum lipid profile, total cholesterol (TC), cholesterol in low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) were higher in AMI subjects. High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-to-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol-to-HDL-cholesterol ratios were also greater in AMI subjects. However, HDL-cholesterol was lower in AMI patients than control. AMI is a multifactorial disease that can arise even in normolipidemic subjects. The present study suggests that measuring of serum antioxidants and IscMA in normolipidemic patients would provide an index of oxidative stress and ischemia due to structural modifications of circulating albumin in serum.

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