医学生のコミュニケーションスキルとQOLおよび抑うつ気分の関連 Association of Communication Skills of Medical Students with their Quality of Life and Depressive Mood

研究参加への同意が得られた医学部学生68名で,コミュニケーションスキル(CS),抑うつ,生活の質(QOL)に関する自己記入式アンケート調査を行い,これらの関連を調査した.CSと抑うつは負の相関を,CSとQOLは正の相関を示した.CSの高低で群分けして比較すると,高CS群で抑うつ得点は有意に低く,社会関係領域のQOLが有意に高かった.次に抑うつの高低で群分けして比較すると,CS得点は抑うつ低群で有意に高く,QOLは身体的健康,精神的健康,社会関係の3領域で有意に高かった.年齢,性別を考慮してこれらの関連性を共分散構造分析により解析したところ年齢,抑うつ,CSがQOLに影響することが示された.さらにCSは直接QOLに影響する場合と抑うつを介して影響する場合が認められた.したがって,CSを改善するプログラムによりQOLを直接高めるのみならず,抑うつを予防することでQOLを高めることが可能と考えられる.

We assessed the association of communication skills (CS) with depressive mood and quality of life (QOL) using three self-report questionnaires, namely, communication skills questionnaire (CSQ), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHO/QOL-26). Sixty-eight medical students participated in our study, from whom written informed consent to participate in this study was obtained. The students were divided into two groups according to low-and high-scores on their CSQ or BDI-II scores. The QOL score for the social relationship domain was significantly higher in the high-CSQ-score group than in the low-CSQ-score group. On the other hand, the high-BDI-II-score group showed a lower QOL score than the low-BDI-II -score group. The overall QOL score and the QOL scores for the physical, psychological and social relationship domains were significantly higher in the low-BDI- II -score group. CSQ score negatively correlated with BDI-II score, but positively correlated with QOL score. Then these correlations were examined by covariance structure analysis considering the students' age and gender. The model that CS directly correlated not only with QOL but also with QOL in the presence of depressive mood showed good fitness. These results suggest that the benefits of CS improvement is expected to improve their QOL, and to prevent depression in medical students themselves.