中学生における登校行動とバウムテストの関連について  [in Japanese] The Relationship between School Attendance and the Tree Drawing Test in Junior High School Students  [in Japanese]

近年,日本の中学校における長期欠席児童数は,10万人を超える事態になっている.不登校の改善や予防的措置を行うためには,彼らのパーソナリティをより詳しく知る必要がある.本研究では,登校行動とパーソナリティの関連を探るため,中学生37名(男子20名,女子17名)に対して,標準化された2つの質問紙とともに,簡便な投影法であるバウムテストを実施した.質問紙の結果から,登校行動不良児は,学級での居場所がなく,進路意識が低いことがわかった.バウムテストの結果では,登校行動不良児が描いたバウムは,筆圧が弱く,樹冠が角張っていることが明らかになった.このような不登校傾向児のバウムテストの特徴は,抑うつ感,不適応感,保守傾向,神経過敏などを示す可能性が示唆されている.結論として,中学生における不登校傾向とバウムテストのいくつかの特徴との関連が明らかになった.

Recently, over 100,000 junior high school students in Japan refuse to attend school. The decrease in attendance is assumed to be a sign of maladjusted behaviors and is conceived to be a serious social problem. It is important to clarify characteristics of the student's personality in order to improve their school attendance rates. We carried out the tree drawing test for 37 junior high school students (20 males and 17 females) to examine the relationship between their classroom attendance and personality characteristics. In addition, we carried out the two paper questionnaires, Satisfaction with School Life Scale and Motivation with School Life Scale. The result of having analyzed the questionnaire showed that the lack of attendance at school was connected with the lowness of a feeling that they belong to the class, and the lowness of motivation to take a proper course of study. According to the tree drawing test, children who have poor attendance rates drew trees with a weak brushstroke. Furthermore, these same children drew a tree top with a notched shape in it. The features of these tree drawing tests reveal that they might have feeling of depression, maladjustment, a conservative tendency and oversensitivity. The results of this research suggests that improvemens in the depressive or maladjusted mode might improve students' overall school attendance. In conclusion, this study clarifies that there exists a relationship between junior high school students attendance rates and certain features of the tree drawing test.