近畿大学奈良キャンパスにおける訪花昆虫群集の多様性

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  • キンキ ダイガク ナラ キャンパス ニ オケル ホウカ コンチュウ グンシュウ ノ タヨウセイ
  • Biodiversity of insect pollinators in the Nara Campus of Kinki University

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An investigation of the pollination insect fauna was conducted at the Nara campus of Kinki University, located in the southwest part of Nara city. We surveyed the flowering phenology and the insect visitors of each flowering plant species from March to November in 2002. Eighty-three plant species and 157 insect species were observed. Invasive plants and non-native planted plants flowered mainly from March to June, while many native plant species flowered from June to November. The number of insect species visiting flowers was abundant in June and September. The main visitors were bees, hoverflies and wasps. The biodiversity index（ 1/λ） of pollinators was not significantly different among the 3 types of plants. Cluster analysis of the 33 spring flowering plants separated into four groups, while analysis of 29 summer flowering plants were separated into four groups and that of 20 autumn flowering plants separated into four groups. Most of the invasive plant species were visited by bee, while native plant species were visited mainly by flies, butterflies and beetles. The number of native bees visited the plants was inversely related to the proportion of honeybees Apis mellifera among the total number of bees that visited the plants, suggesting that a division of floral resources by visiting the different plants would occur between native bees and invasive bees. Many insect species visited flowering plant species in the Satoyama, regardless of whether the plants were native plants. We thus suggest that the pollinator visitation to invasive plants and non-native planted plants does not seriously influence visitation to native plants.

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