パニック障害の脳内機序(シンポジウム:脳科学による心身症の解明,2008年,第49回日本心身医学会総会(札幌))  [in Japanese] Neurofunctional Anatomy of Panic Disorder(Symposium/Psychosomatic Disorders as Revealed by Brain Science)  [in Japanese]

    • 熊野 宏昭 Kumano Hiroaki
    • 東京大学大学院医学系研究科ストレス防御・心身医学 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo

Abstract

本稿ではパニック障害の脳内機序を検討した脳機能画像研究をレビューし,その成果が心身医学の発展にもつ意義について提言する.パニック障害の神経解剖学的仮説としては,GormanとCoplanのものが有力であり,過去5年間に裏づけとなるエビデンスが蓄積され,脳の病気として十分に説明可能になった.非発作時の脳機能異常,課題遂行時の特徴,脳の構造異常を解析したものがあるが,上記モデルの核である扁桃体・海馬と中脳水道周囲灰白質の異常とともに,前頭前野の機能・構造異常も共通して示されている.その一方で薬を使わない認知行動療法のみでも十分な改善が認められ,その際に扁桃体の活動には変化はないが,「気づき」にかかわる左背内側前頭前野の活動亢進が示されている.これは心の変化が脳の変化をもたらすことを意味しており,心身相関成立の基盤として重要な事実を指し示していると考えられる.

I will review the brain imaging studies on panic disorder (PD), and show the significance that they propose for the development of psychosomatic medicine. The major neuroanatomical models of PD have been proposed by Gorman and Coplan. The sufficient evidence has been accumulated these 5 years for supporting their hypotheses, and PD has come to be regarded as a brain disease. The studies include those showing brain functional abnormalities at rest, specific responses to the relevant tasks, and brain structural abnormalities. The results indicated the hypofunction and atrophy of prefrontal cortex besides the hyperfunction of amygdala, hippocampus, and periaqueductal grey that are the key structures of the above-mentioned models. On the other hand, PD could be treated successfully by a cognitive behavior therapy without the use of psychotropic drugs in a study, and the brain glucose metabolic changes were found not in amygdala but in bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal corteces related to mindful awareness. This result indicates that the change in mind brings the change in body, which is an important fact presenting a basis of mind/body interaction.

Journal

Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine   [List of Volumes]

Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine 49(4), 305-314, 2009-04-01  [Table of Contents]

Japanese Society of Psychosomatic Medicine

References:  17

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Codes

  • NII Article ID (NAID) :
    110007161271
  • NII NACSIS-CAT ID (NCID) :
    AN00121636
  • Text Lang :
    JPN
  • Article Type :
    REV
  • ISSN :
    03850307
  • NDL Article ID :
    10188192
  • NDL Source Classification :
    ZS31(科学技術--医学--精神神経科学)
  • NDL Call No. :
    Z19-26
  • Databases :
    CJP  NDL  NII-ELS