The Avogadro Challenge : Nanodynamics Study on Nonequilibrium Problems(The 50th Anniversary of the Alder Transition -Recent Progress on Computational Statistical Physics-)

Computer performance is now reaching to realize 1mol operations, that is, 6×10^<23> arithmetic operations. Such Avogadro-scale computer will open a new era of sciences and technologies via renovations of fields in material sciences, which had been assuming that the Avogadro number be a synonym of infinity. Since the first milestone was placed by B.J. Alder half-a-century ago, a road to thermal equilibrium properties was well paved and linear transport phenomena have also been tamed with nonequilibrium simulations. Now the front lines confront nonlinear nonequilibrium problems. As an example, molecular-dynamics simulation of a shock tube which is an analogue of volcanic eruption is given.