室内塵からのダニ検出方法および単純で効率の高い方法の紹介  [in Japanese] Extractions of mites from house dust and an introduction of a simple and efficient method  [in Japanese]

現在,内外で採用されている室内塵よりダニを分離する方法,簡便な3方法と複雑な9方法について,その概要,手技のあらまし,知られている検出効率,長所と短所などについて述べた.また,比較的簡単な器具,器材で,検出率が高い方法,湿式濾過,80%エタノール浸漬,飽和食塩水浮遊法について記載した.この方法の前半はFurumizo(1975)の濾過方法で,後半はHart&Fain(1987)の浮遊法を組み合わせたものである.この方法の利点は手技者が室内塵を吸い込む危険は少なく,廃液の投棄に問題はなく,また経済的である点にあるが,顕微鏡下で濾紙上がらダニの拾い出し作業の煩雑さは他の方法と大差ない.

Various methods for extraction of mites from samples of house dust have been provided for quantitative and qualitative studies. Nine techniques, used widly are discussed from the view points of efficiency, time consumption and equipment. One of the sutable methods for ordinary laboratory is a combination of methods of Furumizo (1975) and Hart & Fain (1987). Outline of the method is as follows: 1) The dust sample is immersed in the ethanol 50% and is strilled to tease a part or to break up any larger fibrous materials. 2) The cylindrical wire-cloth insert is placed into the washing container. The sample in ethanol is poured into the washing container. It is then capped. The container is shaken by hand vigorously for 1 minute. 3) The washing container is uncapped, and the ethanol and dust paticles are poured through the two sieves (openings 1mm and 0.074mm). 4) The filtrate is collected into the collecting pan, and the dust sample in the washing container is rewashed either using the filtrate or unused ethanol 50% at least three times. 5) The dust particles remaining on the sieve of 0.074mm openings are washed with ethanol 80%. 6) The dust particles are transferred to a measuring cylinder and new ethanol 80% is added. 7) After 24-hour or more immersion, the volume of the sediment is recorded in ml. 8) One ml of the sediment is pippetted into cylindrical tubes (2.5×12cm, 50ml test tubes are used) and is filled with saturated NaCl solution to the top of the tubes. 9) The tubes are left for 15-20min. After this time, the ethanol was carefully decanted into a Buchner funnel, with minimum distubance of the sediment. 10) The mites on the filter papers are examined under a dissecting microscope.