アトピー性皮膚炎の子どもをもつ母親の育児ストレス  [in Japanese] A Study of Mothers' Stress in the Care of Children with Atopic Dermatitis  [in Japanese]

目的:(1)AD児をもつ母親の生活困難度,育児ストレスについて非AD児の母親との比較を行なう。(2)ADの疾患特性,生活困難度が,育児ストレスにどのように関連しているかを明らかにする。方法:2〜6歳のAD児の母親と非AD児の母親を対象に,属性,生活困難度,Parenting Stress Index(PSI)の質問紙調査を実施した。年齢について1対1対応でペアマッチングさせ,AD群,対照群ともに121組を解析対象とした。実施に際し,学内の研究委員会の倫理審査で承認を得た。結果:1)AD児の母親と対照群での育児ストレス総得点の比較において,有意差はみられなかった。2)AD児の母親は対照群に比較して,子どもに問題を感じていた。3)重症である児の母親ほど,子どもの機嫌の悪さや子どもに問題を感じていた。4)合併症の有無と育児ストレスには相関がみられなかった。5)育児ストレスと生活困難度の間には有意な相関が見られた。

The purpose of this study is to compare (a) the degree of difficulty felt in daily care and (b) the degree of stress felt in parenting, between mothers of children with atopic dermatitis (AD) and mothers of children without AD. We also investigated how the degree of difficulty they felt in daily care, or the characteristics of AD such as its severity and complications, affected the degree of stress they felt in parenting. The questionnaire consisted of (a) subject characteristics (b) Japan Parenting Stress Index and (c) the original questionnaire about the difficulty they felt in parenting their children in daily life. 290 mothers with AD infants and 498 mothers with non AD infants aged 2-6 years old participated in this survey. Matched pairing was used to extract two homogeneous groups from which 242 subjects were selected. The results were as follows: 1) In comparing the total PSI scores of the two groups, there was no significant difference. 2) The mothers with AD infants felt more problems regarding their children than the mothers with non-AD infants. 3) The mothers whose children had more severe AD, experienced more problems with their children and felt that their children were generally in a bad mood. 4) There was no significant correlation between the presence of complications and the PSI score. 5) The PSI score showed significant correlation with the degree of difficulty they felt in parenting.