Streptococcus anginosusの粘膜上皮細胞への付着機構

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  • 古玉 芳豊
    岩手医科大学歯学部口腔病因病態制御学講座・口腔微生物学免疫学分野

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  • Adhesion mechanism of Streptococcus anginosus to mucosal epithelial cells

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Although Streptococcus anginosus is a part of the normal flora found in human dental plaque, recent studies indicate that S. anginosus infection in oral mucosa can be associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The organism possesses a number of pathogenic properties, however, the adhesive mechanism that mediates the initial process of S. anginosus infection to oral mucosal epithelial cells remains to be elucidated. In this study, the adhesive abilities of S. anginosus to mucosal epithelial cells of a human larynx carcinoma cell line (HEp-2 cells) and a gingival epithelial cell line (GE1 cells) as well as the immobilized fibronectin were investigated. The results indicated that S. anginosus can adhere to both mucosal epithelial cells as other oral streptococci do, and that the adhesive ability could be ascribable to mainly its fibronectin-mediated adherence to the mucosal epithelial cells. It was also indicated that the adhesive ability to HEp-2 cells of the S. anginosus isolates from oral cancer tissues was significantly higher than that of the isolates from the plaque sample of healthy subjects. Although the cell-surface expression of fibronectin in HEp-2 cells was augmented by the bacterial adhesion itself and the autocrine activation of TGF-β 1 induced by the bacterial adhesion, the addition of exogenous fibronectin (10nM) enhanced the S. anginosus adherence to HEp-2 cells. Furthermore, the pretreatments with fibronectin of the bacterial cells as well as HEp-2 cells enhanced the S. anginosus adherence, and the enhancements were abrogated by the addition of anti-fibronectin antibodies, suggesting the coexistence of a direct adhesion of S. anginosus to the fibronectin of HEp-2 cell surfaces and another fibronectin-mediated adhesion mechanism involving a fibronectin bridge between the S. anginosus fibronectin-binding molecule(s) and the integrins of HEp-2 cells. Moreover, the adhesive ability of the oral cancer isolates of S. anginosus was markedly higher than those of the plaque sample isolates and of the laboratory strain of S. anginosus. Taken together, the present findings suggest that S. anginosus could adhere to mucosal epithelial cells via multiple adhesion mechanisms, and the adhesive ability to fibronectin could be involved in the pathogenicity of S. anginosus, leading to the onset of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

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