熱および炭化処理による牛ふん堆肥の無機元素収支と溶解性の変化 [in Japanese] Change in nutrient content and solubility by carbonization or heat treatment of cattle manure [in Japanese]
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- 牧 浩之 MAKI Hiroyuki
- 兵庫県立農林水産技術総合センター Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
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- 河野 哲 KONO Satoshi
- 兵庫県立農林水産技術総合センター Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
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- 永井 耕介 NAGAI Kousuke
- 兵庫県立農林水産技術総合センター Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
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Author(s)
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- 牧 浩之 MAKI Hiroyuki
- 兵庫県立農林水産技術総合センター Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
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- 河野 哲 KONO Satoshi
- 兵庫県立農林水産技術総合センター Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
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- 永井 耕介 NAGAI Kousuke
- 兵庫県立農林水産技術総合センター Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
Abstract
牛ふん堆肥の熱処理による養分の収支および養分溶解性の変化を、乾熱器を用いた80〜180℃2時間の熱処理、または炭化釜を用いた200〜900℃2時間の炭化処理により調べた。(1)牛ふん堆肥を200〜900℃で炭化すると、温度が上がるに従い重量が21.9〜66.9%減少した。リン、カリウム、カルシウムおよびマグネシウムはほぼ炭化物中に残留したが、窒素は炭化温度が上がるに従い17.7〜88.4%が揮散した。(2)熱処理に伴う窒素溶解性の変化を小田島らの逐次抽出法により検討したところ、80〜180度の範囲で温度が上がるに従い、堆肥中のアンモニア態窒素が6〜72.4%減少した。1M酢酸、リン酸緩衝液可溶窒素もそれぞれ34.5〜71.7、12.8〜46%減少した。400度以上の炭化により何れの溶媒にも窒素はほとんど溶出しなくなり、炭化物に含まれるほぼ全ての窒素が植物に利用されにくい形態と考えられた。(3)炭化に伴うリン、カリウム、カルシウムおよびマグネシウムの溶解性を水溶性、水不溶ク溶性およびクエン酸不溶性に類別し評価した。リンは水溶性リンが低下し多くは水不溶ク溶性であった。カリウムは水溶性カリは炭化による変化が少なく、炭化温度が上がるにつれ水不溶ク溶性およびクエン酸不溶のカリウムが増加した。カルシウムおよびマグネシウムは多くが水不溶ク溶性で炭化温度が上がるにつれ増加した。
We investigated the content and solubility of nutrients in cow manure compost heat-treated at 80-180℃ for 2h or carbonized at 200-900℃ for 2h. (1) Carbonization reduced the weight of the compost by between 21.9% at 200℃ and 66.9% at 900℃. P, K, Ca, and Mg contents remained almost the same, but N was volatilized by between 17.7% at 200℃ and 88.4% at 900℃. (2) Heat treatment reduced the content of NH4-N by between 6% at 80℃ and 72.4% at 180℃. It similarly reduced the content of acetic acid-soluble N by 34.5%-71.7% and of phosphoric acid-soluble N by 12.8%-46%. Carbonizing at 400℃ or higher eliminated elutable N. (3) Carbonization reduced the content of water-soluble P. Most P was insoluble in water but soluble in citric acid. Carbonization had little effect on water-soluble K. Increasing carbonization temperature increased the content of citric acid-soluble (water-insoluble) K and citric acid-insoluble K.
Journal
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- Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition
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Japanese journal of soil science and plant nutrition 80(3), 257-262, 2009-06-05
Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
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