The origin of pine forest on Ken-Marubi lava flow on the lower slopes of Mt. Fuji

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  • 富士北麓剣丸尾溶岩流上のアカマツ林の起源
  • フジ ホクロクケン マルビ ヨウガンリュウ ジョウ ノ アカマツバヤシ ノ キゲン

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Abstract

Pinus densiflora is dominant on the Ken-Marubi lava flow, which was formed in 937, on the lower slopes of the north side of Mt. Fuji. However, the origin and successional history of the Ken-Marubi Pine forest were unclear. We investigated the community structures of the forest using a permanent plot at 1030m a.s.l on the Ken-Marubi lava flow, and studied the history of forest utilization by residents. Pinus densiflora predominated (79.7% of relative dominance) in the canopy layer with tree density of 912ha^<-1>. The peak of the dbh class distribution of the tree was 20-25cm, and the trees were 80-90 years old. The forest products grown on the Ken-Marubi lava flow have been utilized as fertilizer and fuel by residents from the Edo era, but were over-used in the early Meiji era (1880-90) due to the development of sericulture business. Therefore, a forest association was established and has managed the area on the Ken-Marubi lava flow as productive forest from 1915, where the residents can use sprouted shrubs and herbaceous weeds. The management of the area changed to pine forest in 1934, and started cutting all weedy trees except Pinus densiflora. In conclusion, the Ken-Marubi pine forest is not at an early pioneer tree stage of primary succession on the lava flow, but is a secondary forest established after the exclusion of artificial disturbances.

Journal

  • Vegetation Science

    Vegetation Science 20 (1), 43-54, 2003

    The Society of Vegetation Science

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