林業公社の意義についての再検討 : 研究文献を足がかりにして  [in Japanese] Reconsidering the Significance of Creating Forestry Public Corporations : Based on Research Literatures  [in Japanese]

1兆円超の累積債務を抱える全国の林業(造林)公社について,既往の研究文献により以下2点を明らかにした。第1に公社債務問題は研究史上,1980年から言及され,1985年には公社ビジネスモデルそのものの欠陥が指摘されたが,債務問題に対しては対処療法が示されたに過ぎなかった。1992年以降公社研究は下火となり,公社解散が現実となるが,解散によってその債務問題が解決したとはいえない。研究史上農林漁業金融公庫の貸し手責任が明言されたことは成果であった。第2に,設立当時,公社には1.拡大造林の推進,2.地域振興,3.森林所有と森林経営の分離,4.農林漁業金融公庫の資金活用の4つの役割が期待された。これらの役割は1970年代前半〜1990年半ばに終了した。役割の終了にもかかわらず債務問題を抱えなおも公社が存続し得たのは,公社形態を取ったことによる信用膨張,事業と経営の分離,無責任体制に一因がある。

Past research revealed the following two things about Japan's forestry industry (forestry) public corporations, which is burdened with over 1 trillion yen in cumulative debt. First, one can find references to the problem of public corporation debt in research since 1980, and in 1985 researchers pointed out the flaws in the public corporation business model itself, but only cosmetic solutions were offered to deal with the debt problem. Research on public corporations declined in 1992 and subsequent years, and some public corporations were dissolved, but dissolution did not mean the resolution of the debt problem. An achievement of the research was clearly noting the responsibility of the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Finance Corporation as a lender. Second, when public corporations were created, their four expected roles were: (1) Carrying out expansive afforestation, (2) local economic development, (3) separation of forest management from forest ownership, and (4) using funds provided by the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Finance Corporation. These roles concluded in the period from the first half of the 1970s to the mid-1990s. Reasons that public corporations, owing to their type of organization, have managed to survive with their debts despite the end of these roles are their credit expansion, their separation of operations and management, and a system free of legal constraints.