模倣の発達の観点からみる幼児期の仲間集団の形成

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  • モホウ ノ ハッタツ ノ カンテン カラ ミル ヨウジキ ノ ナカマ シュウダン ノ ケイセイ

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This study aimed to analyze how peer relations and a peer group were formed during free play in a kindergarten from the perspective of the development of peer imitation. Analysis of the construction of peer relations clarified the meaning of the imitation. The fieldwork centered on a three-years-old class in a kindergarten and discussions with the teachers were analyzed. Four typical episodes were chosen and analyzed how children's imitation and peer groups were transformed. As a result, when children followed another's action whithout consciousness, they formed a peer group that was possible to enter and exit easily. However, when children intended to imitate each other, the peer group began to make a boundary, and moved to exclude the other who did not do the same action. Especially, when the imitation action was set up as a "token," -that is, a mere requirement for entering into the group, having no further use of the act in their play, -the tendency to exclude the non-imitators became remarkable. More details about the situation that generates make-token imitation need to be examined further.

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