畑地への堆肥施用とバイオ炭の併用がN_2OとCO_2の地表面フラックスおよび土壌炭素量に及ぼす影響 Effect of manure application and biochar amendment in an upland field on the N_2O and CO_2 fluxes from the soil surface and on soil carbon storage
-
- 上野 貴史 UENO Takafumi
- 京都大学農学研究科 Grad. Sch. Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.
-
- 太田 誠一 OHTA Seiichi
- 京都大学農学研究科 Grad. Sch. Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.
-
- 根田 遼太 KONDA Ryota
- 京都大学農学研究科 Grad. Sch. Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.
この論文にアクセスする
この論文をさがす
著者
-
- 上野 貴史 UENO Takafumi
- 京都大学農学研究科 Grad. Sch. Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.
-
- 太田 誠一 OHTA Seiichi
- 京都大学農学研究科 Grad. Sch. Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.
-
- 根田 遼太 KONDA Ryota
- 京都大学農学研究科 Grad. Sch. Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.
抄録
土壌へのバイオ炭施用と堆肥(化成肥料混合堆肥)の施用による炭素貯留を温室効果ガス削滅効果という観点から評価するため,施用によるN2O,CH4フラックス,積算CO2発生量および土壌炭素量(0~10cm)への影響を評価した。京都府亀岡市の水田転換畑において3つの異なる処理区(無施用区,堆肥施用区{炭素投入量13.3Mg-C ha-1},竹炭・堆肥施用区{57.1Mg-C ha-1})を設け,2009年8月31日から1年間試験を実施し以下の知見を得た。1)積算CO2発生量は,無施用区に対し堆肥区,炭・堆肥区でそれぞれ14.4,12.8Mg-CO2 ha-1増加し,これらは施用した炭素のそれぞれ29.5,6.10%に相当した(表2)。2)積算N2O発生量は,無施用区,堆肥区,炭・堆肥区でそれぞれ1.58,10.1,6.83kg-N ha-1で,堆肥区で顕著に多く,竹炭の併用で発生量が32.1%抑制された(図4;表1)。また,堆肥区ならびに炭・堆肥区で施用により増加したN2OのCO2等価放出量はそれぞれ3.97,2.46Mg-CO2eq ha-1であった(表3)。3)土壌炭素量(0~10cm)は特に炭施用圃場で変動が大きく,量的評価にあたっては手法の改善が必要であることが明らかとなった(図5)。4)CH4フラックスは検出されないほど小さく,施用による効果は評価できなかった。本試験結果から,多量のバイオ炭を施用してもCO2発生は促進されず,N2O発生は抑制されたことから,バイオ炭の併用が堆肥の単用よりも効率的に温室効果ガスを削減し得ることが示された。
We evaluated the effect of applying manure and biochar to crop land on soil-surface N_20 and CH_4 fluxes and on soil carbon storage. In an upland experimental field in Kameoka, Kyoto Prefecture, gas fluxes and soil carbon (0-10 cm) were measured for 345 days in 4-m×4-m plots with three soil amendment treatments: (1) 13.3 Mg ha^<-1> of manure with 1.20 Mg ha^<-1> of inorganic fertilizer (manure plot), (2) 57.1 Mg ha^<-1> bamboo charcoal (particle size <2.0 cm) with 13.3 Mg ha^<-1> of manure and 1.20 Mg ha^<-1> inorganic fertilizer (biochar + manure plot), and (3) no amendments (control plot). We found that: (1) Cumulative CO_2 emissions increased by 14.4 and 12.8 Mg CO_2ha^<-1> in the manure and biochar + manure plots, respectively, compared to the control plot, indicating that 29.5 and 6.1% of the incorporated carbon was decomposed in the respective plots. (2) Cumulative N_2O emissions from the control, manure, and biochar + manure plots were 1.58, 10.1, and 6.83 kg N ha^<-1>, respectively. The CO_2 equivalent (with respect to global warming potential) of the N_2O emissions from the manure and biochar + manure plots increased by 3.97 and 2.46 Mg CO_<2eq> ha^<-1>, respectively. (3) The large difference between measured soil carbon (0-10 cm) and hypothetical values calculated from the amounts of amendments or cumulative CO_2 emissions suggested that carbon storage in the soil should be quantified more precisely for the biochar + manure amendment. (4) No significant CH_4 flux was detected from any of the plots. This study demonstrated that biochar application is an efficient way of reducing greenhouse gases compared with the application of manure alone, because biochar appears to be more stable in soil than manure and may suppress N_2O emissions.
収録刊行物
-
- 日本土壌肥料學雜誌 = Journal of the science of soil and manure, Japan
-
日本土壌肥料學雜誌 = Journal of the science of soil and manure, Japan 83(1), 36-43, 2012-02-05
日本土壌肥料學會
参考文献: 29件中 1-29件 を表示
-
1
- 吸着特性
-
安部郁夫
炭素の事典, 432-458, 2007
被引用文献1件
-
2
- Decomposition of different organic materials in soils
-
AJWA H. A.
Biol. Fertil. Soils 18, 175-182, 1994
被引用文献1件
-
3
- Effect of poultry manure on the leaching of carbon from a sandy soil as a potential substrate for denitrification in the subsoil
-
BHOGAL A.
J. Sci. Food Agr. 74, 313-322, 1997
被引用文献1件
-
4
- Black carbon in a temperate mixed-grass savanna
-
DAI X.
Soil Biol. Biochem. 37, 1879-1881, 2005
被引用文献1件
-
5
- The significance of agricultural sources of greenhouse gases
-
DUXBURY J. M.
Fertil. Res. 38, 151-163, 1994
被引用文献1件
-
6
- Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal-a review
-
GLASER B.
Biol. Fertil. Soils 35, 219-230, 2002
被引用文献1件
-
7
- Use of chamber system to measure trace gas fluxes
-
HUTCHINSON G. L.
Agricultural ecosystem effects on trace gases and global climate, 63-78, 1993
被引用文献1件
-
8
- <no title>
-
IPCC
Climate change 2001 : the scientific basis, 2001
被引用文献1件
-
9
- <no title>
-
IPCC
Climate change 2007 : the physical scientific basis, 2007
被引用文献1件
-
10
- Spatial patterns of greenhouse gas emission in a tropical rainforest in Indonesia
-
ISHIZUKA S.
Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys 71, 55-62, 2005
被引用文献1件
-
11
- Biochar addition to agricultural soil increased CH_4 uptake and water holding capacity-Results from a short-term pilot field study
-
KARHU K.
Agr. Ecosyst. Environ. 140, 309-313, 2011
被引用文献1件
-
12
- 気象統計情報・過去の気象データ検索
-
気象庁
http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/index.php, 2011
被引用文献1件
-
13
- Black carbon decomposition and incorporation into soil microbial biomass estimated by C-14 labeling
-
KUZYAKOV Y.
Soil Biol. Biochem. 41, 210-219, 2009
被引用文献1件
-
14
- Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change
-
LAL R.
Geoderma 123, 1-22, 2004
被引用文献1件
-
15
- Bio-char sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems-Areview
-
LEHMANN J.
Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Change 11, 395-419, 2006
被引用文献1件
-
16
- Biochar for environmental management : an introduction
-
LEHMANN J.
Biochar for environmental management : Science and Technology, 1-12, 2009
被引用文献1件
-
17
- A rural revitalization scheme in Japan utilizing biochar and eco-branding : The carbon minus project, Kameoka city
-
MCGREEVY S. R.
Ann. Environ. Sci. 4, 11-22, 2010
被引用文献1件
-
18
- Dissolved organic carbon fluxes under bare soil
-
MERTENS J.
J. Environ. Qual. 36, 597-606, 2007
被引用文献1件
-
19
- Closing the global N_2O budget : nitrous oxide emissions through the agricultural nitrogen cycle-OECD/IPCC/IEA phase II development of IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventory methodology
-
MOSIER A.
Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys. 52, 225-248, 1998
被引用文献1件
-
20
- 土地情報閲覧システム
-
農業環境技術研究所
http://agrimesh.dc.affrc.go.jp/soil_db/map_select_flg.phtml, 2009
被引用文献1件
-
21
- Evidence from chronosequence studies for a low carbon-storage potential of soils
-
SCHLESINGER W. H.
Nature 348, 232-234, 1990
被引用文献1件
-
22
- Carbon and agriculture-carbon sequestration in soils
-
SCHLESINGER W. H.
Science 284, 2095, 1990
被引用文献1件
-
23
- Influence of biochars on nitrous oxide emission and nitrogen leaching from two contrasting soils
-
SINGH B. P.
J. Environ. Qual. 39, 1224-1235, 2010
被引用文献1件
-
24
- Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture
-
SMITH P.
Philos. T. R. Soc. B. 363, 789-813, 2008
被引用文献1件
-
25
- Biochar incorporation into pasture soil suppresses in situ nitrous oxide emissions from ruminant urine patches
-
TAGHIZADEH-TOOSI A.
J. Environ. Qual. 40, 468-477, 2011
被引用文献1件
-
26
- Effect of biochar amendment on yield and methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a rice paddy from Tai Lake plain, China
-
ZHANG A.
Agr. Ecosyst. Environ. 139, 469-475, 2010
被引用文献1件
-
27
- オカラ炭化物の施用が土壌理化学性とインゲンマメの生育に及ぼす影響
-
磯部 勝孝 , 山中 亘 , 片野 功之輔
日本土壌肥料學雜誌 = Journal of the science of soil and manure, Japan 73(3), 287-290, 2002-06-05
日本農学文献記事索引 参考文献11件 被引用文献3件
-
28
- 熱および炭化処理による牛ふん堆肥の無機元素収支と溶解性の変化
-
牧 浩之 , 河野 哲 , 永井 耕介
日本土壌肥料學雜誌 = Journal of the science of soil and manure, Japan 80(3), 257-262, 2009-06-05
日本農学文献記事索引 参考文献16件 被引用文献2件
-
29
- Effects of charcoal addition on N_2O emissions from soil resulting from rewetting air-dried soil in short-term laboratory experiments
-
Yanai Yosuke , Toyota Koki , Okazaki Masanori
Soil science and plant nutrition 53(2), 181-188, 2007-04-01
参考文献29件 被引用文献5件
被引用文献: 1件中 1-1件 を表示
-
1
- 二十世紀初頭の燻炭肥料研究 : 小柳津勝五郎と大工原銀太郎の論争に注目して
-
森塚 直樹 , 松岡 かおり
日本土壌肥料學雜誌 = Journal of the science of soil and manure, Japan 83(4), 487-494, 2012-08-05
日本農学文献記事索引 参考文献38件