Introduction to urban ecology : understanding social-ecological processes in cities

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  • 都市生態学序説 : 「まち」の社会生態プロセスを理解する
  • トシ セイタイガク ジョセツ : 「 マチ 」 ノ シャカイ セイタイ プロセス オ リカイ スル

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Abstract

Given the rapid worldwide trend toward urbanization and its impact on urban and global environments, considerable attention has been paid to the scientific field of urban ecology. In this article, we provide a scientific foundation for further development in this field based on a review of international and Japanese articles about urban ecology. We summarize recent developments in urban ecology by focusing on the following central research arenas: 1) conservation, environmental education and ecosystem services in urban areas; 2) ecological patterns and processes in urban areas; and 3) the effects of socio-economic factors on ecological patterns and processes in urban areas. Although recent research has broadly revealed ecological patters in urban areas and several key socio-economic factors that affect urban ecosystems, understanding of complex socio-ecological processes among various socio-economic and ecological components within urban areas is poor. To overcome these shortcomings, further participation by ecologists in the field of urban ecology and collaboration with social scientists should be encouraged.

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